出版社: Hodder Education
出版年: 2010-9-24
页数: 384
定价: GBP 26.99
装帧: Paperback
丛书: Understanding Language Series
ISBN: 9780340950012
内容简介 · · · · · ·
This new edition of Understanding Morphology has been fully revised in line with the latest research. It now includes 'big picture' questions to highlight central themes in morphology, as well as research exercises for each chapter. Understanding Morphology presents an introduction to the study of word structure that starts at the very beginning. Assuming no knowledge of the f...
This new edition of Understanding Morphology has been fully revised in line with the latest research. It now includes 'big picture' questions to highlight central themes in morphology, as well as research exercises for each chapter. Understanding Morphology presents an introduction to the study of word structure that starts at the very beginning. Assuming no knowledge of the field of morphology on the part of the reader, the book presents a broad range of morphological phenomena from a wide variety of languages. Starting with the core areas of inflection and derivation, the book presents the interfaces between morphology and syntax and between morphology and phonology. The synchronic study of word structure is covered, as are the phenomena of diachronic change, such as analogy and grammaticalization. Theories are presented clearly in accessible language with the main purpose of shedding light on the data, rather than as a goal in themselves. The authors consistently draw on the best research available, thus utilizing and discussing both functionalist and generative theoretical approaches. Each chapter includes a summary, suggestions for further reading, and exercises. As such this is the ideal book for both beginning students of linguistics, or anyone in a related discipline looking for a first introduction to morphology.
作者简介 · · · · · ·
Martin Haspelmath(Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology)
Andrea D. Sims(The Ohio State University)
目录 · · · · · ·
Preface to the first edition xiii
Abbreviations xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What is morphology? 1
1.2 Morphology in different languages 4
· · · · · · (更多)
Preface to the first edition xiii
Abbreviations xv
1 Introduction 1
1.1 What is morphology? 1
1.2 Morphology in different languages 4
1.3 The goals of morphological research 6
1.4 A brief user’s guide to this book 9
Summary of Chapter 1 11
Further reading 11
Comprehension exercises 12
2 Basic concepts 14
2.1 Lexemes and word-forms 15
2.2 Affixes, bases and roots 19
2.3 Morphemes and allomorphs 22
Summary of Chapter 2 27
Appendix. Morpheme-by-morpheme glosses 27
Comprehension exercises 29
Exploratory exercise 30
3 Rules 33
3.1 Morphological patterns 34
3.1.1 Affixation and compounding 34
3.1.2 Base modification 35
3.1.3 Reduplication 38
3.1.4 Conversion 39
3.1.5 Outside the realm of morphology 40
viâ•… C O N T E N T S
3.2 Two approaches to morphological rules 40
3.2.1 The morpheme-based model 41
3.2.2 The word-based model 46
Summary of Chapter 3 54
Further reading 54
Comprehension exercises 55
Exploratory exercise 56
4 Lexicon 60
4.1 A morpheme lexicon? 61
4.2 A strict word-form lexicon? 66
4.3 Reconciling word-forms and morphemes 70
Summary of Chapter 4 75
Further reading 75
Comprehension exercises 76
Exploratory exercise 77
5 Inflection and derivation 81
5.1 Inflectional values 81
5.2 Derivational meanings 86
5.2.1 Derived nouns 87
5.2.2 Derived verbs 88
5.2.3 Derived adjectives 89
5.3 Properties of inflection and derivation 89
5.3.1 Relevance to the syntax 90
5.3.2 Obligatoriness 92
5.3.3 Limitations on application 93
5.3.4 Same concept as base 93
5.3.5 Abstractness 94
5.3.6 Meaning compositionality 94
5.3.7 Position relative to base 95
5.3.8 Base allomorphy 96
5.3.9 Word-class change 96
5.3.10 Cumulative expression 98
5.3.11 Iteration 98
5.4 Dichotomy or continuum? 98
5.4.1 Inherent and contextual inflection 100
5.5 Inflection, derivation and the syntax-morphology interface 102
5.5.1 The dichotomy approach and split morphology 102
5.5.2 The continuum approach and single-component
architecture 105
Summary of Chapter 5 106
Appendix. Notation conventions for inflectional values 107
C O N T E N T S â•… vii
Further reading 109
Comprehension exercises 110
Exploratory exercise 110
6 Productivity 114
6.1 Speakers’ knowledge of productivity 114
6.2 Productivity, creativity and gradience 116
6.3 Restrictions on word-formation rules 117
6.3.1 Phonological restrictions 118
6.3.2 Semantic restrictions 119
6.3.3 Pragmatic restrictions 120
6.3.4 Morphological restrictions 120
6.3.5 Borrowed vocabulary strata 121
6.4 Productivity and the lexicon 122
6.4.1 Processing restrictions 123
6.4.2 Synonymy blocking 125
6.4.3 Productivity and analogy 127
6.5 Measuring productivity 129
Summary of Chapter 6 131
Further reading 132
Comprehension exercises 133
Exploratory exercise 134
7 Morphological trees 137
7.1 Compounding types 137
7.2 Hierarchical structure in compounds 142
7.3 Hierarchical structure in derived lexemes 144
7.4 Parallels between syntax and morphology? 147
Summary of Chapter 7 150
Further reading 150
Comprehension exercises 151
Exploratory exercise 152
8 Inflectional paradigms 156
8.1 Syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations in morphology 156
8.2 Inflection classes 158
8.2.1 Inflection class assignment 160
8.2.2 Relationship to gender 162
8.2.3 Inflection classes and productivity 163
8.3 Paradigmatic relations and inflection class shift 165
8.4 Inheritance hierarchies 167
8.5 Stems and Priscianic formation 172
viiiâ•… C O N T E N T S
8.6 Syncretism 174
8.6.1 Systematic versus accidental inflectional homonymy 174
8.6.2 Underspecification 176
8.6.3 Rules of referral 179
8.7 More form-meaning mismatches 180
8.7.1 Defectiveness 180
8.7.2 Deponency 182
8.8 Periphrasis 183
Summary of Chapter 8 184
Further reading 184
Comprehension exercises 185
Exploratory exercise 187
9 Words and phrases 189
9.1 Compounds versus phrases 190
9.2 Free forms versus bound forms 196
9.3 Clitics versus affixes 197
9.4 Lexical integrity 203
Summary of Chapter 9 206
Further reading 207
Comprehension exercises 207
Exploratory exercise 209
10 Morphophonology 211
10.1 Two types of alternations 211
10.2 The productivity of morphophonological alternations 217
10.3 The diachrony of morphophonological alternations 220
10.4 Morphophonology as phonology 222
10.5 Morphophonology as morphology 228
Summary of Chapter 10 231
Further reading 231
Comprehension exercises 232
11 Morphology and valence 234
11.1 Valence-changing operations 234
11.1.1 Semantic valence and syntactic valence (argument
structure and function structure) 234
11.1.2 Agent-backgrounding operations 237
11.1.3 Patient-backgrounding operations 240
11.1.4 Agent-adding operations: causatives 241
11.1.5 Object-creating operations: applicatives 242
11.1.6 General properties of valence-changing operations 243
C O N T E N T S â•… ix
11.2 Valence in compounding 245
11.2.1 Noun incorporation 245
11.2.2 V–V compound verbs 247
11.2.3 Synthetic nominal compounds 249
11.3 Transpositional derivation 253
11.3.1 Transposition and argument inheritance 253
11.3.2 Action nouns (V Æ N) 254
11.3.3 Agent nouns (V Æ N) and deverbal adjectives (V Æ A) 255
11.3.4 Deadjectival transposition (A Æ N, A Æ V) 256
11.4 Transpositional inflection 257
Summary of Chapter 11 262
Further reading 263
Comprehension exercises 263
12 Frequency effects in morphology 265
12.1 Asymmetries in inflectional values 265
12.1.1 Frequent and rare values 265
12.1.2 The correlation between frequency and shortness 267
12.1.3 The correlation between frequency and differentiation 268
12.1.4 Local frequency reversals 270
12.1.5 Explaining the correlations 272
12.2 The direction of analogical levelling 273
12.3 Frequency and irregularity 274
Summary of Chapter 12 276
Further reading 277
Comprehension exercises 277
Exploratory exercise 278
Key to comprehension exercises 281
References 301
Glossary of technical terms 318
Language index 347
Subject index 357
· · · · · · (收起)
丛书信息
· · · · · ·
喜欢读"Understanding Morphology"的人也喜欢 · · · · · ·
Understanding Morphology的书评 · · · · · · ( 全部 1 条 )
> 更多书评 1篇
论坛 · · · · · ·
在这本书的论坛里发言以下书单推荐 · · · · · · ( 全部 )
- Sprachwissenschaft (mal4)
- 2014读书 (mal4)
- Understanding Language Series (小厮男瓦西里)
- 语言学是一个学科群 (NADPH)
- Textbooks (嘘八百の徒然)
谁读这本书? · · · · · ·
二手市场
· · · · · ·
- 在豆瓣转让 有44人想读,手里有一本闲着?
订阅关于Understanding Morphology的评论:
feed: rss 2.0
2 有用 Xavierum 2021-07-27 09:24:16
在第10章作者一直纠结「phonomorphology身份尴尬,使音系学和形态学无法划清界线」的问题,然而音系从本体学上来说是跟形态分不开的。音系学只是将音系单独抽离出来作为对象研究,但并不代表音系是自主封闭系统,音系学入门教科书不都是用各种语言的形态变化案例来展开音系讨论的吗。「中心-周边」范畴模式也可以用来消解作者的不安。当然,「phonomorphology」这种异数让我们重新审视「音系」和... 在第10章作者一直纠结「phonomorphology身份尴尬,使音系学和形态学无法划清界线」的问题,然而音系从本体学上来说是跟形态分不开的。音系学只是将音系单独抽离出来作为对象研究,但并不代表音系是自主封闭系统,音系学入门教科书不都是用各种语言的形态变化案例来展开音系讨论的吗。「中心-周边」范畴模式也可以用来消解作者的不安。当然,「phonomorphology」这种异数让我们重新审视「音系」和「形态」究竟是什么,对知识进行考古,从而进一步逼近语言的真相,而不是沉浸在学科架构的舒适区内。 (展开)
1 有用 嘘八百の徒然 2011-04-26 10:34:53
簡潔清晰,是很好的入門教材。另外,章節後面的Exploratory Exercise都很有意思。
0 有用 知心姐姐卢先生 2015-02-18 11:04:10
男神的书读起来通常就是轻松加愉快啊
0 有用 Ginger Ale 2023-11-16 04:46:02 德国
好读. 做功能/构式/认知的应该更爱这本
1 有用 苦芋头 2023-03-19 06:49:20 法国
比较简单,略啰嗦。几天就看完了。感觉主要是把很多我至少下意识注意到过的现象用精确的术语总结并表达出来了,但也没有什么惊为天人的收获(依然没有发现语言学中真的让我觉得深刻的理论)。有一些特征归纳得挺好的,值得重看。用例语言太丰富了,有时甚至有在看类型学的感觉,不过不知道那些例子作者是真的信手拈来还是大都现查的。
0 有用 Ginger Ale 2023-11-16 04:46:02 德国
好读. 做功能/构式/认知的应该更爱这本
0 有用 謐辻 2023-10-09 11:21:19 中国香港
原來我上的Morphology的作業好多都是這本書裡的😂。
1 有用 苦芋头 2023-03-19 06:49:20 法国
比较简单,略啰嗦。几天就看完了。感觉主要是把很多我至少下意识注意到过的现象用精确的术语总结并表达出来了,但也没有什么惊为天人的收获(依然没有发现语言学中真的让我觉得深刻的理论)。有一些特征归纳得挺好的,值得重看。用例语言太丰富了,有时甚至有在看类型学的感觉,不过不知道那些例子作者是真的信手拈来还是大都现查的。
2 有用 Xavierum 2021-07-27 09:24:16
在第10章作者一直纠结「phonomorphology身份尴尬,使音系学和形态学无法划清界线」的问题,然而音系从本体学上来说是跟形态分不开的。音系学只是将音系单独抽离出来作为对象研究,但并不代表音系是自主封闭系统,音系学入门教科书不都是用各种语言的形态变化案例来展开音系讨论的吗。「中心-周边」范畴模式也可以用来消解作者的不安。当然,「phonomorphology」这种异数让我们重新审视「音系」和... 在第10章作者一直纠结「phonomorphology身份尴尬,使音系学和形态学无法划清界线」的问题,然而音系从本体学上来说是跟形态分不开的。音系学只是将音系单独抽离出来作为对象研究,但并不代表音系是自主封闭系统,音系学入门教科书不都是用各种语言的形态变化案例来展开音系讨论的吗。「中心-周边」范畴模式也可以用来消解作者的不安。当然,「phonomorphology」这种异数让我们重新审视「音系」和「形态」究竟是什么,对知识进行考古,从而进一步逼近语言的真相,而不是沉浸在学科架构的舒适区内。 (展开)
0 有用 Luxi 2020-11-07 15:44:32
非常非常有帮助:条理,趣味,解释。最重要的是解释的非常有productivity,不仅anticipate很多读者问题而且提出很多没想到的ideas。因为这本书喜欢整个系列。