The Etruscan World

List of illustrations List of contributors Preface Maps Introduction: time to give the Etruscans their due PART I: ENVIRONMENT, BACKGROUND AND THE STUDY OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 1 Etruscan environments 2 Massimo Pallottino’s “Origins” in perspective 3 Etruscan origins and the ancient authors 4 Fleshing out the demography of Etruria PART II: THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ETRURIA 5 The Villanovan culture: at the beginning of Etruscan history 6 Orientalizing Etruria 7 Urbanization in southern Etruria from the tenth to the sixth century BC: the origins and growth of major centers 8 A long twilight: “Romanization” of Etruria 9 The last Etruscans: family tombs in northern Etruria PART III: ETRUSCANS AND THEIR NEIGHBORS 10 The western Mediterranean before the Etruscans 11 The Nuragic heritage in Etruria 12 Phoenician and Punic Sardinia and the Etruscans 13 Etruria and Corsica 14 The Faliscans and the Etruscans 15 Etruria on the Po and the Adriatic 16 Etruscans in Campania 17 Etruria Marittima, Carthage and Iberia, Massalia, Gaul PART IV: ETRUSCAN SOCIETY AND ECONOMY 18 Political systems and law 19 Economy and commerce through material evidence: Etruscan goods in the Mediterranean world and beyond 20 Mothers and children 21 Slavery and manumission 22 The Etruscan language 23 Numbers and reckoning: A whole civilization founded upon divisions PART V: RELIGION IN ETRURIA 24 Greek myth in Etruscan culture 25 Gods and demons in the Etruscan pantheon 26 Haruspicy and Augury: Sources and procedures 27 Religion: the gods and the places 28 Archaeological evidence for Etruscan religious rituals 29 Tarquinia, sacred areas and sanctuaries on the Civita plateau and on the coast: “monumental complex,” Ara della Regina, Gravisca 30 The sanctuary of Pyrgi 31 Orvieto, Campo della Fiera – Fanum Voltumnae 32 Worshiping with the dead: new approaches to Etruscan necropoleis 33 The imagery of tomb objects (foreign and imported) and its funerary relevance PART VI: SPECIAL ASPECTS OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 34 The science of the Etruscans 35 The architectural heritage of Etruria 36 Etruscan Town Planning and Related Structures 37 Villanovan and Etruscan Mining and Metallurgy 38 Technology, ideology, warfare and the Etruscans before the Roman conquest 39 The art of the Etruscan armourer 40 Seafaring: shipbuilding, harbors, the issue of piracy 41 Princely chariots and carts 42 The world of Etruscan textiles 43 Food and drink in the Etruscan world 44 The banquet through Etruscan history 45 Etruscan spectacles: Theater and sport 46 Music and musical instruments in Etruria 47 Health and medicine in Etruria PART VII: ETRUSCAN SPECIALTIES IN ART 48 Foreign artists in Etruria 49 The phenomenon of terracotta: architectural terracottas 50 Jewelry 51 Engraved Gems 52 The Etruscan painted pottery 53 The meanings of Bucchero 54 Etruscan terracotta figurines 55 Portraiture 56 Landscape and illusionism: qualities of Etruscan wall paintings 57 The bronze votive tradition in Etruria 58 Mirrors in art and society 59 Science as art: Etruscan anatomical votives 60 Animals in the Etruscan household and environment PART VIII: POST-ANTIQUE RECEPTION OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 61 Annius of Viterbo 62 The reception of Etruscan culture: Dempster and Buonarotti 63 Modern approaches to Etruscan culture Index

List of illustrations List of contributors Preface Maps Introduction: time to give the Etruscans their due PART I: ENVIRONMENT, BACKGROUND AND THE STUDY OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 1 Etruscan environments 2 Massimo Pallottino’s “Origins” in perspective 3 Etruscan origins and the ancient authors 4 Fleshing out the demography of Etruria PART II: THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ETRURIA 5 The Villanovan culture: at the beginning of Etruscan history 6 Orientalizing Etruria 7 Urbanization in southern Etruria from the tenth to the sixth century BC: the origins and growth of major centers 8 A long twilight: “Romanization” of Etruria 9 The last Etruscans: family tombs in northern Etruria PART III: ETRUSCANS AND THEIR NEIGHBORS 10 The western Mediterranean before the Etruscans 11 The Nuragic heritage in Etruria 12 Phoenician and Punic Sardinia and the Etruscans 13 Etruria and Corsica 14 The Faliscans and the Etruscans 15 Etruria on the Po and the Adriatic 16 Etruscans in Campania 17 Etruria Marittima, Carthage and Iberia, Massalia, Gaul PART IV: ETRUSCAN SOCIETY AND ECONOMY 18 Political systems and law 19 Economy and commerce through material evidence: Etruscan goods in the Mediterranean world and beyond 20 Mothers and children 21 Slavery and manumission 22 The Etruscan language 23 Numbers and reckoning: A whole civilization founded upon divisions PART V: RELIGION IN ETRURIA 24 Greek myth in Etruscan culture 25 Gods and demons in the Etruscan pantheon 26 Haruspicy and Augury: Sources and procedures 27 Religion: the gods and the places 28 Archaeological evidence for Etruscan religious rituals 29 Tarquinia, sacred areas and sanctuaries on the Civita plateau and on the coast: “monumental complex,” Ara della Regina, Gravisca 30 The sanctuary of Pyrgi 31 Orvieto, Campo della Fiera – Fanum Voltumnae 32 Worshiping with the dead: new approaches to Etruscan necropoleis 33 The imagery of tomb objects (foreign and imported) and its funerary relevance PART VI: SPECIAL ASPECTS OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 34 The science of the Etruscans 35 The architectural heritage of Etruria 36 Etruscan Town Planning and Related Structures 37 Villanovan and Etruscan Mining and Metallurgy 38 Technology, ideology, warfare and the Etruscans before the Roman conquest 39 The art of the Etruscan armourer 40 Seafaring: shipbuilding, harbors, the issue of piracy 41 Princely chariots and carts 42 The world of Etruscan textiles 43 Food and drink in the Etruscan world 44 The banquet through Etruscan history 45 Etruscan spectacles: Theater and sport 46 Music and musical instruments in Etruria 47 Health and medicine in Etruria PART VII: ETRUSCAN SPECIALTIES IN ART 48 Foreign artists in Etruria 49 The phenomenon of terracotta: architectural terracottas 50 Jewelry 51 Engraved Gems 52 The Etruscan painted pottery 53 The meanings of Bucchero 54 Etruscan terracotta figurines 55 Portraiture 56 Landscape and illusionism: qualities of Etruscan wall paintings 57 The bronze votive tradition in Etruria 58 Mirrors in art and society 59 Science as art: Etruscan anatomical votives 60 Animals in the Etruscan household and environment PART VIII: POST-ANTIQUE RECEPTION OF ETRUSCAN CULTURE 61 Annius of Viterbo 62 The reception of Etruscan culture: Dempster and Buonarotti 63 Modern approaches to Etruscan culture Index
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