Guns, Germs, and Steel

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  第12页

  yutong

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。... (更多)

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。

  具体而言，不同的文明也有不同之处，文明的发展必然导致人口增加，人口限制是通过战争和传染病达到的，因此文明发展较早的民族，经过多年传染病的洗礼，早就培养了抗体，抗病性很强，比如汉族人。如果战争和传染病不足以限制人口就会出现饥馑，因此汉族人是全球食谱最广泛的民族，足以证明中华民族经历过饥荒的严峻程度。

  农耕社会与游牧社会的区别在于，农耕社会容易保存粮食，容易形成层级化的政治结构，易于管理。

  而游牧社会生育率低（育龄妇女每四年生一个孩子），农耕社会生育高（平均两年一次）很容易遇到资源瓶颈。 (收起)

  2011-11-18 20:27:41   回应

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  第11页

  卡门耿 (SNS害死人)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us tod... (更多)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us today, as we seek to grasp our past's lessons for our future.

  (收起)

  2011-10-10 22:04:57   回应

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  Chp7 How to make an almond

  孤独的质数

  本章脉络 How to domesticate? Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers. Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers. Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the disper... (更多)

  本章脉络

  How to domesticate?

  Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers.

  Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers.

  Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the dispersal of seeds, germination inhibition and plant reproduction.

  Why we still cannot domesticate oak trees right now?

  Strike 1: the slow growth of oak tree exhausts the patience of most farmers.

  Strike 2: the nuts of oak tree are difficult for a human to gather.

  Strike 3: the bitterness of the nuts of oak tree may be controlled by many genes. (收起)

  2011-08-10 09:26:44   回应

  收藏

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• 

  第11页

  卡门耿 (SNS害死人)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us tod... (更多)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us today, as we seek to grasp our past's lessons for our future.

  (收起)

  2011-10-10 22:04:57   回应

  收藏

  推荐
• 

  第12页

  yutong

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。... (更多)

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。

  具体而言，不同的文明也有不同之处，文明的发展必然导致人口增加，人口限制是通过战争和传染病达到的，因此文明发展较早的民族，经过多年传染病的洗礼，早就培养了抗体，抗病性很强，比如汉族人。如果战争和传染病不足以限制人口就会出现饥馑，因此汉族人是全球食谱最广泛的民族，足以证明中华民族经历过饥荒的严峻程度。

  农耕社会与游牧社会的区别在于，农耕社会容易保存粮食，容易形成层级化的政治结构，易于管理。

  而游牧社会生育率低（育龄妇女每四年生一个孩子），农耕社会生育高（平均两年一次）很容易遇到资源瓶颈。 (收起)

  2011-11-18 20:27:41   回应

  收藏

  推荐
• 

  Chp7 How to make an almond

  孤独的质数

  本章脉络 How to domesticate? Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers. Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers. Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the disper... (更多)

  本章脉络

  How to domesticate?

  Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers.

  Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers.

  Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the dispersal of seeds, germination inhibition and plant reproduction.

  Why we still cannot domesticate oak trees right now?

  Strike 1: the slow growth of oak tree exhausts the patience of most farmers.

  Strike 2: the nuts of oak tree are difficult for a human to gather.

  Strike 3: the bitterness of the nuts of oak tree may be controlled by many genes. (收起)

  2011-08-10 09:26:44   回应

  收藏

  推荐

• 

  第12页

  yutong

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。... (更多)

  人类发展的第一阶段，文明的发展是技术发展的基础，即首先有富足的食物，就可以产生人类的政治结构，军事组织，文化的发展进而出现技术革新。因此不同的地域中，首先的基础是食物是否富足，而这与地理环境有很大的关系。（气候，土壤，水源，动物，等等）如果地理环境足够好，人类就开始大量繁衍，那么就开始出现战争，战争中的锤炼使人们更加狡猾（斗争意识强）。同时，人类开始饲养动物，家畜的出现与传染病的发展是相附相成的。

  具体而言，不同的文明也有不同之处，文明的发展必然导致人口增加，人口限制是通过战争和传染病达到的，因此文明发展较早的民族，经过多年传染病的洗礼，早就培养了抗体，抗病性很强，比如汉族人。如果战争和传染病不足以限制人口就会出现饥馑，因此汉族人是全球食谱最广泛的民族，足以证明中华民族经历过饥荒的严峻程度。

  农耕社会与游牧社会的区别在于，农耕社会容易保存粮食，容易形成层级化的政治结构，易于管理。

  而游牧社会生育率低（育龄妇女每四年生一个孩子），农耕社会生育高（平均两年一次）很容易遇到资源瓶颈。 (收起)

  2011-11-18 20:27:41   回应

  收藏

  推荐
• 

  第11页

  卡门耿 (SNS害死人)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us tod... (更多)

  With mildly critical tongue in cheek, the reviewer wrote that I seem to view world history as an onion, of which the modern world constitutes only the surface, and whose layers are to be peeled back in the search for historical understanding. Yes, world history is indeed such an onion! But that peeling back of the onion's layers is fascinating, challenging--and of overwhelming importance to us today, as we seek to grasp our past's lessons for our future.

  (收起)

  2011-10-10 22:04:57   回应

  收藏

  推荐
• 

  Chp7 How to make an almond

  孤独的质数

  本章脉络 How to domesticate? Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers. Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers. Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the disper... (更多)

  本章脉络

  How to domesticate?

  Plant domestication may be defined as growing a plant and thereby, consciously or unconsciously, causing it to change genetically from its wild ancestor in ways making it more useful to human consumers.

  Unconscious criteria: size, bitterness, fleshy or seedless fruits, oily seeds, and long fibers.

  Three types of change invisible to early farmers: the dispersal of seeds, germination inhibition and plant reproduction.

  Why we still cannot domesticate oak trees right now?

  Strike 1: the slow growth of oak tree exhausts the patience of most farmers.

  Strike 2: the nuts of oak tree are difficult for a human to gather.

  Strike 3: the bitterness of the nuts of oak tree may be controlled by many genes. (收起)

  2011-08-10 09:26:44   回应

  收藏

  推荐