Object-Oriented Software Construction (豆瓣)

作者: Bertrand Meyer
出版社: Prentice Hall
出版年: 2000-03-21
定价: USD 132.65
装帧: Paperback
ISBN: 9780136291558

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　　Contents
　　Preface V
　　Foreword To The Second Edition Xiii
　　About The Accompanying Cd-Rom Xiv
　　On The Bibliography, Internet Sources And Exercises Xv
　　Contents Xvii
　　Part A: The Issues 1
　　Chapter 1: Software Quality 3
　　1.1 External And Internal Factors 3
　　1.2 A Review Of External Factors 4
　　1.3 About Software Maintenance 17
　　1.4 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 19
　　1.5 Bibliographic... (展开全部) 　　Contents
　　Preface V
　　Foreword To The Second Edition Xiii
　　About The Accompanying Cd-Rom Xiv
　　On The Bibliography, Internet Sources And Exercises Xv
　　Contents Xvii
　　Part A: The Issues 1
　　Chapter 1: Software Quality 3
　　1.1 External And Internal Factors 3
　　1.2 A Review Of External Factors 4
　　1.3 About Software Maintenance 17
　　1.4 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 19
　　1.5 Bibliographical Notes 19
　　Chapter 2: Criteria Of Object Orientation 21
　　2.1 On The Criteria 21
　　2.2 Method And Language 22
　　2.3 Implementation And Environment 31
　　2.4 Libraries 33
　　2.5 For More Sneak Preview 34
　　2.6 Bibliographical Notes And Object Resources 34
　　Part B: The Road To Object Orientation 37
　　Chapter 3: Modularity 39
　　3.1 Five Criteria 40
　　3.2 Five Rules 46
　　3.3 Five Principles 53
　　3.4 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 64
　　3.5 Bibliographical Notes 64
　　Exercises 65
　　Chapter 4: Approaches To Reusability 67
　　4.1 The Goals Of Reusability 68
　　4.2 What Should We Reuse? 70
　　4.3 Repetition In Software Development 74
　　4.4 Non-Technical Obstacles 74
　　4.5 The Technical Problem 81
　　4.6 Five Requirements On Module Structures 83
　　4.7 Traditional Modular Structures 89
　　4.8 Overloading And Genericity 93
　　4.9 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 98
　　4.10 Bibliographical Notes 99
　　Chapter 5: Towards Object Technology 101
　　5.1 The Ingredients Of Computation 101
　　5.2 Functional Decomposition 103
　　5.3 Object-Based Decomposition 114
　　5.4 Object-Oriented Software Construction 116
　　5.5 Issues 117
　　5.6 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 119
　　5.7 Bibliographical Notes 119
　　Chapter 6: Abstract Data Types 121
　　6.1 Criteria 122
　　6.2 Implementation Variations 122
　　6.3 Towards An Abstract View Of Objects 126
　　6.4 Formalizing The Specification 129
　　6.5 From Abstract Data Types To Classes 142
　　6.6 Beyond Software 147
　　6.7 Supplementary Topics 148
　　6.8 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 159
　　6.9 Bibliographical Notes 160
　　Exercises 161
　　Part C: Object-Oriented Techniques 163
　　Chapter 7: The Static Structure: Classes 165
　　7.1 Objects Are Not The Subject 165
　　7.2 Avoiding The Standard Confusion 166
　　7.3 The Role Of Classes 169
　　7.4 A Uniform Type System 171
　　7.5 A Simple Class 172
　　7.6 Basic Conventions 177
　　7.7 The Object-Oriented Style Of Computation 181
　　7.8 Selective Exports And Information Hiding 191
　　7.9 Putting Everything Together 194
　　7.10 Discussion 203
　　7.11 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 213
　　7.12 Bibliographical Notes 215
　　Exercises 216
　　Chapter 8: The Run-Time Structure: Objects 217
　　8.1 Objects 218
　　8.2 Objects As A Modeling Tool 228
　　8.3 Manipulating Objects And References 231
　　8.4 Creation Procedures 236
　　8.5 More On References 240
　　8.6 Operations On References 242
　　8.7 Composite Objects And Expanded Types 254
　　8.8 Attachment: Reference And Value Semantics 261
　　8.9 Dealing With References: Benefits And Dangers 265
　　8.10 Discussion 270
　　8.11 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 276
　　8.12 Bibliographical Notes 277
　　Exercises 277
　　Chapter 9: Memory Management 279
　　9.1 What Happens To Objects 279
　　9.2 The Casual Approach 291
　　9.3 Reclaiming Memory: The Issues 293
　　9.4 Programmer-Controlled Deallocation 294
　　9.5 The Component-Level Approach 297
　　9.6 Automatic Memory Management 301
　　9.7 Reference Counting 302
　　9.8 Garbage Collection 304
　　9.9 Practical Issues Of Garbage Collection 309
　　9.10 An Environment With Memory Management 312
　　9.11 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 315
　　9.12 Bibliographical Notes 315
　　Exercises 316
　　Chapter 10: Genericity 317
　　10.1 Horizontal And Vertical Type Generalization 317
　　10.2 The Need For Type Parameterization 318
　　10.3 Generic Classes 320
　　10.4 Arrays 325
　　10.5 The Cost Of Genericity 328
　　10.6 Discussion: Not Done Yet 329
　　10.7 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 329
　　10.8 Bibliographical Notes 330
　　Exercises 330
　　Chapter 11: Design By Contract: Building Reliable Software 331
　　11.1 Basic Reliability Mechanisms 332
　　11.2 About Software Correctness 333
　　11.3 Expressing A Specification 334
　　11.4 Introducing Assertions Into Software Texts 337
　　11.5 Preconditions And Postconditions 338
　　11.6 Contracting For Software Reliability 341
　　11.7 Working With Assertions 348
　　11.8 Class Invariants 363
　　11.9 When Is A Class Correct? 369
　　11.10 The Adt Connection 373
　　11.11 An Assertion Instruction 378
　　11.12 Loop Invariants And Variants 380
　　11.13 Using Assertions 389
　　11.14 Discussion 398
　　11.15 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 406
　　11.16 Bibliographical Notes 407
　　Exercises 408
　　Postscript: The Ariane 5 Failure 410
　　Chapter 12: When The Contract Is Broken: Exception Handling 411
　　12.1 Basic Concepts Of Exception Handling 411
　　12.2 Handling Exceptions 414
　　12.3 An Exception Mechanism 419
　　12.4 Exception Handling Examples 422
　　12.5 The Task Of A Rescue Clause 427
　　12.6 Advanced Exception Handling 431
　　12.7 Discussion 435
　　12.8 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 437
　　12.9 Bibliographical Notes 438
　　Exercises 438
　　Chapter 13: Supporting Mechanisms 439
　　13.1 Interfacing With Non-O-O Software 439
　　13.2 Argument Passing 444
　　13.3 Instructions 447
　　13.4 Expressions 452
　　13.5 Strings 456
　　13.6 Input And Output 457
　　13.7 Lexical Conventions 457
　　13.8 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 458
　　Exercises 458
　　Chapter 14: Introduction To Inheritance 459
　　14.1 Polygons And Rectangles 460
　　14.2 Polymorphism 467
　　14.3 Typing For Inheritance 472
　　14.4 Dynamic Binding 480
　　14.5 Deferred Features And Classes 482
　　14.6 Redeclaration Techniques 491
　　14.7 The Meaning Of Inheritance 494
　　14.8 The Role Of Deferred Classes 500
　　14.9 Discussion 507
　　14.10 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 516
　　14.11 Bibliographical Notes 517
　　Exercises 517
　　Chapter 15: Multiple Inheritance 519
　　15.1 Examples Of Multiple Inheritance 519
　　15.2 Feature Renaming 535
　　15.3 Flattening The Structure 541
　　15.4 Repeated Inheritance 543
　　15.5 Discussion 563
　　15.6 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 566
　　15.7 Bibliographical Notes 567
　　Exercises 567
　　Chapter 16: Inheritance Techniques 569
　　16.1 Inheritance And Assertions 569
　　16.2 The Global Inheritance Structure 580
　　16.3 Frozen Features 583
　　16.4 Constrained Genericity 585
　　16.5 Assignment Attempt 591
　　16.6 Typing And Redeclaration 595
　　16.7 Anchored Declaration 598
　　16.8 Inheritance And Information Hiding 605
　　16.9 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 609
　　16.10 Bibliographical Note 610
　　Exercises 610
　　Chapter 17: Typing 611
　　17.1 The Typing Problem 611
　　17.2 Static Typing: Why And How 615
　　17.3 Covariance And Descendant Hiding 621
　　17.4 First Approaches To System Validity 628
　　17.5 Relying On Anchored Types 630
　　17.6 Global Analysis 633
　　17.7 Beware Of Polymorphic Catcalls! 636
　　17.8 An Assessment 639
　　17.9 The Perfect Fit 640
　　17.10 Key Concepts Studied In This Chapter 641
　　17.11 Bibliographical Notes 641
　　Chapter 18: Global Objects And Constants 643
　　18.1 Constants Of Basic Types 643
　　18.2 Use Of Constants 645
　　18.3 Constants Of Class Types 646
　　18.4 Applications Of Once Routines 648
　　18.5 Constants Of String Type 653
　　18.6 Unique Values 654
　　18.7 Discussion 656
　　18.8 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 659
　　18.9 Bibliographical Notes 660
　　Exercises 660
　　Part D: Object-Oriented Methodology:
　　Applying The Method Well 661
　　Chapter 19: On Methodology 663
　　19.1 Software Methodology: Why And What 663
　　19.2 Devising Good Rules: Advice To The Advisors 664
　　19.3 On Using Metaphors 671
　　19.4 The Importance Of Being Humble 673
　　19.5 Bibliographical Notes 674
　　Exercises 674
　　Chapter 20: Design Pattern: Multi-Panel Interactive Systems 675
　　20.1 Multi-Panel Systems 675
　　20.2 A Simple-Minded Attempt 677
　　20.3 A Functional, Top-Down Solution 678
　　20.4 A Critique Of The Solution 682
　　20.5 An Object-Oriented Architecture 684
　　20.6 Discussion 693
　　20.7 Bibliographical Note 694
　　Chapter 21: Inheritance Case Study: “undo” In An Interactive
　　System 695
　　21.1 Perseverare Diabolicum 695
　　21.2 Finding The Abstractions 699
　　21.3 Multi-Level Undo-Redo 704
　　21.4 Implementation Aspects 707
　　21.5 A User Interface For Undoing And Redoing 711
　　21.6 Discussion 712
　　21.7 Bibliographical Notes 715
　　Exercises 715
　　Chapter 22: How To Find The Classes 719
　　22.1 Studying A Requirements Document 720
　　22.2 Danger Signals 726
　　22.3 General Heuristics For Finding Classes 731
　　22.4 Other Sources Of Classes 735
　　22.5 Reuse 740
　　22.6 The Method For Obtaining Classes 741
　　22.7 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 743
　　22.8 Bibliographical Notes 744
　　Chapter 23: Principles Of Class Design 747
　　23.1 Side Effects In Functions 748
　　23.2 How Many Arguments For A Feature? 764
　　23.3 Class Size: The Shopping List Approach 770
　　23.4 Active Data Structures 774
　　23.5 Selective Exports 796
　　23.6 Dealing With Abnormal Cases 797
　　23.7 Class Evolution: The Obsolete Clause 802
　　23.8 Documenting A Class And A System 803
　　23.9 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 806
　　23.10 Bibliographical Notes 806
　　Exercises 807
　　Chapter 24: Using Inheritance Well 809
　　24.1 How Not To Use Inheritance 809
　　24.2 Would You Rather Buy Or Inherit? 812
　　24.3 An Application: The Handle Technique 817
　　24.4 Taxomania 820
　　24.5 Using Inheritance: A Taxonomy Of Taxonomy 822
　　24.6 One Mechanism, Or More? 833
　　24.7 Subtype Inheritance And Descendant Hiding 835
　　24.8 Implementation Inheritance 844
　　24.9 Facility Inheritance 847
　　24.10 Multiple Criteria And View Inheritance 851
　　24.11 How To Develop Inheritance Structures 858
　　24.12 A Summary View: Using Inheritance Well 862
　　24.13 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 863
　　24.14 Bibliographical Notes 863
　　24.15 Appendix: A History Of Taxonomy 864
　　Exercises 869
　　Chapter 25: Useful Techniques 871
　　25.1 Design Philosophy 871
　　25.2 Classes 872
　　25.3 Inheritance Techniques 873
　　Chapter 26: A Sense Of Style 875
　　26.1 Cosmetics Matters! 875
　　26.2 Choosing The Right Names 879
　　26.3 Using Constants 884
　　26.4 Header Comments And Indexing Clauses 886
　　26.5 Text Layout And Presentation 891
　　26.6 Fonts 900
　　26.7 Bibliographical Notes 901
　　Exercises 902
　　Chapter 27: Object-Oriented Analysis 903
　　27.1 The Goals Of Analysis 903
　　27.2 The Changing Nature Of Analysis 906
　　27.3 The Contribution Of Object Technology 907
　　27.4 Programming A Tv Station 907
　　27.5 Expressing The Analysis: Multiple Views 914
　　27.6 Analysis Methods 917
　　27.7 The Business Object Notation 919
　　27.8 Bibliography 922
　　Chapter 28: The Software Construction Process 923
　　28.1 Clusters 923
　　28.2 Concurrent Engineering 924
　　28.3 Steps And Tasks 926
　　28.4 The Cluster Model Of The Software Lifecycle 926
　　28.5 Generalization 928
　　28.6 Seamlessness And Reversibility 930
　　28.7 With Us, Everything Is The Face 933
　　28.8 Key Concepts Covered In This Chapter 934
　　28.9 Bibliographical Notes 934
　　Chapter 29: Teaching The Method 935
　　29.1 Industrial Training 935
　　29.2 Introductory Courses 937
　　29.3 Other Courses 941
　　29.4 Towards A New Software Pedagogy 942
　　29.5 An Object-Oriented Plan 946
　　29.6 Key Concepts Studied In This Chapter 948
　　29.7 Bibliographical Notes 948
　　Part E: Advanced Topics 949
　　Chapter 30: Concurrency, Distribution, Client-Server And
　　The Internet 951
　　30.1 A Sneak Preview 951
　　30.2 The Rise Of Concurrency 953
　　30.3 From Processes To Objects 956
　　30.4 Introducing Concurrent Execution 964
　　30.5 Synchronization Issues 977
　　30.6 Accessing Separate Objects 982
　　30.7 Wait Conditions 990
　　30.8 Requesting Special Service 998
　　30.9 Examples 1003
　　30.10 Towards A Proof Rule 1022
　　30.11 A Summary Of The Mechanism 1025
　　30.12 Discussion 1028
　　30.13 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 1032
　　30.14 Bibliographical Notes 1033
　　Exercises 1035
　　Chapter 31: Object Persistence And Databases 1037
　　31.1 Persistence From The Language 1037
　　31.2 Beyond Persistence Closure 1039
　　31.3 Schema Evolution 1041
　　31.4 From Persistence To Databases 1047
　　31.5 Object-Relational Interoperability 1048
　　31.6 Object-Oriented Database Fundamentals 1050
　　31.7 O-O Database Systems: Examples 1055
　　31.8 Discussion: Beyond O-O Databases 1058
　　31.9 Key Concepts Studied In This Chapter 1060
　　31.10 Bibliographical Notes 1061
　　Exercises 1062
　　Chapter 32: Some O-O Techniques For Graphical Interactive
　　Applications 1063
　　32.1 Needed Tools 1064
　　32.2 Portability And Platform Adaptation 1066
　　32.3 Graphical Abstractions 1068
　　32.4 Interaction Mechanisms 1071
　　32.5 Handling The Events 1072
　　32.6 A Mathematical Model 1076
　　32.7 Bibliographical Notes 1076
　　Part F: Applying The Method In Various
　　Languages And Environments 1077
　　Chapter 33: O-O Programming And Ada 1079
　　33.1 A Bit Of Context 1079
　　33.2 Packages 1081
　　33.3 A Stack Implementation 1081
　　33.4 Hiding The Representation: The Private Story 1085
　　33.5 Exceptions 1088
　　33.6 Tasks 1091
　　33.7 From Ada To Ada 95 1092
　　33.8 Key Concepts Introduced In This Chapter 1097
　　33.9 Bibliographical Notes 1097
　　Exercises 1098
　　Chapter 34: Emulating Object Technology In Non-O-O
　　Environments 1099
　　34.1 Levels Of Language Support 1099
　　34.2 Object-Oriented Programming In Pascal? 1100
　　34.3 Fortran 1102
　　34.4 Object-Oriented Programming And C 1106
　　34.5 Bibliographical Notes 1112
　　Exercises 1112
　　Chapter 35: Simula To Java And Beyond: Major O-O Languages
　　And Environments 1113
　　35.1 Simula 1113
　　35.2 Smalltalk 1126
　　35.3 Lisp Extensions 1130
　　35.4 C Extensions 1131
　　35.5 Java 1136
　　35.6 Other O-O Languages 1137
　　35.7 Bibliographical Notes 1138
　　Exercises 1139
　　Part G: Doing It Right 1141
　　Chapter 36: An Object-Oriented Environment 1143
　　36.1 Components 1143
　　36.2 The Language 1144
　　36.3 The Compilation Technology 1144
　　36.4 Tools 1148
　　36.5 Libraries 1150
　　36.6 Interface Mechanisms 1152
　　36.7 Bibliographical Notes 1160
　　Epilogue, In Full Frankness Exposing The Language 1161
　　Part H: Appendices 1163
　　Appendix A: Extracts From The Base Libraries 1165
　　Appendix B: Genericity Versus Inheritance 1167
　　B.1 Genericity 1168
　　B.2 Inheritance 1173
　　B.3 Emulating Inheritance With Genericity 1175
　　B.4 Emulating Genericity With Inheritance 1176
　　B.5 Combining Genericity And Inheritance 1184
　　B.6 Key Concepts Introduced In This Appendix 1187
　　B.7 Bibliographical Notes 1188
　　Exercises 1188
　　Appendix C: Principles, Rules, Precepts And Definitions 1189
　　Appendix D: A Glossary Of Object Technology 1193
　　Appendix E: Bibliography 1203
　　E.1 Works By Other Authors 1203
　　E.2 Works By The Author Of The Present Book 1221
　　Index 1225　　