作者: Peter Hessler
出版社: HarperCollins
出版年: 2006-05-01
页数: 512
定价: USD 26.95
装帧: Hardcover
ISBN: 9780060826581
内容简介 · · · · · ·
作者简介 · · · · · ·
Review by JONATHAN SPENCE
Published: April 30, 2006
HOW can one catch today's China in words? It is a country in constant motion, defying the laws of economic gravity, reaching out insistently around the world for raw materials to fuel its growth, eating up its land and its past, enticing outsiders to help it achieve new levels of wealth and power, opening up... (展开全部) Letters From China
Review by JONATHAN SPENCE
Published: April 30, 2006
HOW can one catch today's China in words? It is a country in constant motion, defying the laws of economic gravity, reaching out insistently around the world for raw materials to fuel its growth, eating up its land and its past, enticing outsiders to help it achieve new levels of wealth and power, opening up class fissures that were thought to be closed, testing the limits of rapid urban growth while giving its people chances for self-exploration and intellectual transformation they have not known for over half a century.
Fortunately, Peter Hessler has not been dismayed by the challenge. Instead, after teaching English and freelancing as a journalist, he decided to give up the world of deadlines and throw himself into this boisterous hurly-burly of noise and images as the Beijing correspondent for The New Yorker. Serenely confident, he has a marvelous sense of the intonations and gestures that give life to the moment; he knows when to join in the action and when simply to wait for things to happen. Today's China could have been made for him. If you don't believe me, dip into the chapters in "Oracle Bones" called "Starch" and "Wonton Western," which focus on the worlds of industry in Manchuria and film-making on the edge of the Tarim Basin. You will be hooked.
Hessler must have spent a good deal of mental energy developing a structure for his book, determined to strike an aesthetic balance between the personal lives of the individual Chinese whose stories he tells and the physical and historical spaces they inhabit. He achieved this by constructing a narrative scaffolding some readers may initially find distracting. But rest assured: everything soon falls into place.
What you might call the horizontal level is provided by 24 chapters covering Hessler's experiences in China from May 1999 (when the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade was bombed by American planes during NATO's intervention in the Balkans) to June 2002 (when Hessler, on a return trip to the United States, visited two elderly Chinese scholars at a retirement home in Reston, Va.). Intersecting these modern chapters are 13 others, the vertical shafts that Hessler calls "Artifacts" since each is related to events deep in China's past — or to those who excavate and study that past.
The "oracle bones" of Hessler's title, found in profusion in and around the ancient city of Anyang, date from the second millennium B.C. and are incised with divination texts written in the first known form of what we now call Chinese. When the diviners applied searing heat to the bones — many were in fact the flat lower carapace of tortoises — the surfaces cracked, yielding patterns that predicted the chance of success for a given enterprise. Though the inscriptions are often brief and fragmentary, they are a source of passionate interest to scholars, both Chinese and Western. They also provide a rich metaphor for the search for meaning in China's past — and for prognostications about its future. In these separate "Archives" chapters, Hessler plays elaborate and intriguing games with the possibilities of the bones: with the scholars who have excavated and interpreted them and with the Chinese written language as it developed from these beginnings.
Elsewhere, Hessler offers unexpected views of the West. Particularly chilling is a vivid portrait of hostility to the United States, in part due to the Belgrade bombing and the downing of an American spy plane two years later, that spilled out in the days after 9/11, when China was flooded with doctored DVD's of the wrecked twin towers and the damaged Pentagon, interspersed with clips from miscellaneous Hollywood disaster films and vignettes of American leaders uttering random, often unintelligible, pronouncements.
A good part of the modern story line is provided by the coming-of-age of three of Hessler's Chinese students from his language-teaching days in Sichuan Province in the late 1990's (the subject of his first book, "River Town"), conveyed through their letters and their occasional meetings. Written in an English that is idiomatic and frank with just occasional slips of usage or spelling, the students' letters are entrancing and genuinely moving. ("My parents and relatives all wanted to introduce girlfriends to me," one of his former student wrote. "So they introduced one and one, but the one and one passed me and didn't become my wife.") The students provide an absorbing view of the difficulties faced by young Chinese from remote provinces as they try to find decent jobs in the sweatshops and the sleazily managed schools of boom areas like Shenzhen or Wenzhou. Their new world is fiercely competitive: through their eyes, Hessler shows us the difficulties of maintaining honesty in the cutthroat system of present-day China. Their stories also contain intriguing subsidiary characters like the radio-show call-in hostesses, often from rural backgrounds themselves, whose sympathy and common-sense advice play a crucial role in boosting the morale of hundreds of thousands of migrants.
Appearing at intervals in various locales is another figure who also provides narrative continuity: a middle-aged Uighur from Xinjiang Province whom Hessler calls Polat, to prevent him from being identified by the authorities in either China or the United States. Polat and Hessler became friends in the spring of 1999 in a Uighur restaurant in Beijing, after Polat defended Hessler against Chinese diners angered by the Belgrade bombing. The Uighurs, many of whom are Muslim and have distinctly un-Chinese features, have been designated as one of the state's official "minority peoples." Some are also separatists and support the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, which the Chinese government eventually persuaded the United States to designate a terrorist organization.
Though Polat does not seem to have had terrorist contacts, he operated a host of illegal commercial activities, including black-market money-changing. He and Hessler, both stuck in grubby and unattractive lodgings, used to meet at a restaurant in the former Russian section of Beijing for beer and dumplings and to talk about the world. Some time later, a Chinese "visa consultant" created a fictitious identity for Polat, which enabled him to obtain a visa and enter the United States. After a brief stopover in Oklahoma, he moved to Washington, D.C., and found a job delivering takeout Asian food. His is an astonishing story, full of racial tensions, finely told — and not one to inspire readers who are security-conscious.
Demonstrating his versatility, Hessler intersperses Polat's story and those of his other Chinese acquaintances with accounts of the different archaeologists who featured in the hunt for and decipherment of the oracle bones. Here too there are dark ripples, some of them circling out from the death of one of China's finest scholars, Chen Mengjia, who was denounced as a "Rightist" in 1957 and committed suicide during the Cultural Revolution. At least one of those who denounced him is still living, and in a rare burst of moralistic posturing, Hessler confronts him, pushing him to make a confession of regret.
Hessler is surely right about the echoes that still vibrate from China's unvarnished past. The bones, like the country, need endless deciphering. But as an 80-year-old Chinese scholar, who suffered humiliations of his own, says to Hessler, there is little point in trying to settle old scores. "The things that people said and wrote in those days don't count," he explains. "The ones who criticized me the harshest, I hardly remember them. I don't hate them."
The bones, like the lives of China's people, can swirl into unexpected conjunctions.
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2 The Voice of America
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In the years after the Communist victory, one Number Ten resident named Li had three sons whom he proudly named Li Mao, Li Ze, and Li Dong. Whenever he called them to help in the fields, he shouted, “Mao, Ze, Dong, get over here right now!” He claimed that this was his way of expressing love for the Chairman. Nevertheless, the man became an easy target during the Cultural Revolution, when the pe... (更多)
似曾相识。 (收起)In the years after the Communist victory, one Number Ten resident named Li had three sons whom he proudly named Li Mao, Li Ze, and Li Dong. Whenever he called them to help in the fields, he shouted, “Mao, Ze, Dong, get over here right now!” He claimed that this was his way of expressing love for the Chairman. Nevertheless, the man became an easy target during the Cultural Revolution, when the peasants imitated the “struggle sessions” that they had heard about from the village propaganda loudspeakers. In Number Ten, the peasants hung Li from his wrists, criticized him for misusing the Chairman’s name, and forced him to drink urine from a public latrine.
2011-10-25 22:06:28 回应
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2 The Voice of America
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During my last year at the college, Willy and some of his classmates taught me various bits of tuhua— “earth speak,” a Chinese phrase for local slang. In Sichuan, you could insult somebody by calling him a “son of a melon” or a “son of a turtle”; the local pronunciation of “hammer” meant “penis.” Yashua—“toothbrush”—was for some obscure reason degrading when used as an adjective (“... (更多)
同为川北人表示压力很大。哈哈 (收起)During my last year at the college, Willy and some of his classmates taught me various bits of tuhua— “earth speak,” a Chinese phrase for local slang. In Sichuan, you could insult somebody by calling him a “son of a melon” or a “son of a turtle”; the local pronunciation of “hammer” meant “penis.” Yashua—“toothbrush”—was for some obscure reason degrading when used as an adjective (“You are very toothbrush!”). In basketball games, if an athlete shot an air ball or made a bad play, the Sichuanese fans chanted yangwei, yangwei, yangwei—impotent, impotent, impotent. After I played basketball with Willy’s classmates, he would often say, in mock earnestness, “I see that you still have a big problem with impotence.”
2011-10-25 22:04:11 1人收藏 回应
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Some residents kept makeshift pigeon coops on their roofs,and they tied whistles to the birds,so that the flock sounded when it passed overhead. In the old parts of Beijing,the low-pitched hum,rising and falling as the birds soared across the sky,was the mark of beautiful clear day. 一些老北京在房顶上建了鸽舍,把饲养的鸽子绑上哨子,使他们飞过头顶时能发出声音. 在北京老城区,这伴随鸟儿翱翔过天空的.. (更多)
一些老北京在房顶上建了鸽舍,把饲养的鸽子绑上哨子,使他们飞过头顶时能发出声音. 在北京老城区,这伴随鸟儿翱翔过天空的嗡嗡低音声不断起落,是晴朗好天气的标志. (收起)Some residents kept makeshift pigeon coops on their roofs,and they tied whistles to the birds,so that the flock sounded when it passed overhead. In the old parts of Beijing,the low-pitched hum,rising and falling as the birds soared across the sky,was the mark of beautiful clear day.
2011-08-18 09:34:37 1回应
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第3页
艾米的小闲事 (身处繁华心若素,欲向古朴味自来)
In the traditional view of the Chinese past, there is no equivalent of the fall of Rome, no Renaissance, no Enlightenment. Instead, emperor succeeds emperor, and dynasty follows dynasty. History as wallpaper. In A Truthful Impression of the Country, an analysis of Western travel writing about China, Nicholas R. Clifford describes this nineteenth-century foreign perspective:“China had a far longer... (更多)
(收起)In the traditional view of the Chinese past, there is no equivalent of the fall of Rome, no Renaissance, no Enlightenment. Instead, emperor succeeds emperor, and dynasty follows dynasty. History as wallpaper. In A Truthful Impression of the Country, an analysis of Western travel writing about China, Nicholas R. Clifford describes this nineteenth-century foreign perspective:“China had a far longer past than the West—no one would think of denying that—but the past and history are not the same thing. Here in China’s past there was no narrative but only stories."
2011-05-18 15:17:59 1人收藏 回应
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第3页
“China had a far longer past than the West—no one would think of denying that—but the past and history are not the same thing. Here in China’s past there was no narrative but only stories.” (更多)
(收起)“China had a far longer past than the West—no one would think of denying that—but the past and history are not the same thing. Here in China’s past there was no narrative but only stories.”
2011-10-03 13:05:33 回应
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第4页
艾米的小闲事 (身处繁华心若素,欲向古朴味自来)
“You have to look at the landscape in a dynamic way,” he says. “You have to see the landscape evolving. It might be completely different from what it was three thousand years ago. We’re looking at human society in three dimensions; it’s not just the surface that matters. We had to add another dimension: the time dimension. (更多)
(收起)“You have to look at the landscape in a dynamic way,” he says. “You have to see the landscape evolving. It might be completely different from what it was three thousand years ago. We’re looking at human society in three dimensions; it’s not just the surface that matters. We had to add another dimension: the time dimension.
2011-05-18 15:30:56 回应
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第164页
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some divides, though, were as artificial and as porous as the fence itself. Across China, Reform and Opening had introduced an entirely new framework of social class and upward mobility, but the system still felt incomplete. Even in America, which prided itself on egalitarianism, there were old families, old schools, old ways to succeed. China hadn't yet developed this, at least not in the new cli... (更多)
(收起)some divides, though, were as artificial and as porous as the fence itself. Across China, Reform and Opening had introduced an entirely new framework of social class and upward mobility, but the system still felt incomplete. Even in America, which prided itself on egalitarianism, there were old families, old schools, old ways to succeed. China hadn't yet developed this, at least not in the new climate. It was hard to define how education, experience, and determination added up; success was a murky concept.
2012-01-22 11:46:14 回应
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第129页
英英美代子 (不卖粽子的超市都不是好超市!)
Regardless of what kind of problem an individual had, it was his problem, and only he could do something about it. Without the sense of a rational system, people rarely felt connected to the troubles of others. The crackdown of Falun Gong should have been disturbing to most Chinese - the group had done nothing worse than make a series of minor political miscalculations that had added up. But few a... (更多)
(收起)Regardless of what kind of problem an individual had, it was his problem, and only he could do something about it. Without the sense of a rational system, people rarely felt connected to the troubles of others. The crackdown of Falun Gong should have been disturbing to most Chinese - the group had done nothing worse than make a series of minor political miscalculations that had added up. But few average people expressed sympathy for the believers, because they couldn't imagine how that issue could be connected to their own relationship with the law. In part, this was cultural - the Chinese had never stressed strong community bonds; the family and other more immediate groups were the ones that mattered most. But the lack of a rational legal climate also encouraged people to focus strictly to their own problems.
2012-01-19 10:52:03 回应
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第397页
As a journalist, you tracked trivia. Occasionally, you looked up from the routine of patchwork news stories and realized that somehow, imperceptiably, the whole picture had changed. At those moments - wearing the suit and tie, boarding the press bus with other white guys in suits and ties - you wondered: Is this what it all comes down to? Does the world actually move forward through these meeting... (更多)
(收起)As a journalist, you tracked trivia. Occasionally, you looked up from the routine of patchwork news stories and realized that somehow, imperceptiably, the whole picture had changed. At those moments - wearing the suit and tie, boarding the press bus with other white guys in suits and ties - you wondered: Is this what it all comes down to? Does the world actually move forward through these meetings and speeches, the thirty-hour stopovers?
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书评 · · · · · · (共44条) 我来评论这本书
热门评论 最新评论
An excellent commentary on modern China
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- Angela(Super Hero In Training) This book may seem a little informal, no preset structure, more like a scrapbook. But it's really fascinating. Hessler is a good writer, his candor and honesty...... (2回应)2011-12-01 12/12有用
阅读:冲突与妥协——从《甲骨文》里看中国
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- Eric·要回家(春风又到三藩市)
转型时期的集体忧伤
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- 岑寂 2007年,作家何伟(Peter Hessler)在接受ShanghaiJournal采访的时候说,美国人之所以会对中国有误解,最主要的原因是:他们很少来到中国。他们很少去美国以外的地方,也很少学习英语之外的别种语言。 “更确切地说,美国人的这种误解中有一种把中国发生的一切事情都政治化的倾向。分析家们喜欢...... (16回应)2008-07-19 15/21有用来自 Harper Perennial2007版
何伟很清醒,我们在流离
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- cys.tony(佛祖在13号线)
以美国人想看到的中国为线索的自述式的记录,可以一...
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- 朱(优点--很帅;缺点--帅的不明显.) 《Oracle Bones》讲述了1999-2004年 Hessler (中文名何伟)眼中的中国。那时他已搬到北京,给各种美国杂志报纸当自由撰稿人。这本书包记录了Hessler 在这五年里接触到的许多故事,人物,事件。各种纷繁的线索被他娴熟的编制成一幅现在中国的“清明上河图”,其中涉猎的社会文化历史人文范畴都是丰富立体......2012-02-02 来自 八旗文化2011版
重建的围城
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- namik_ercan(焦糖玛奇朵上面的格子拉花) 最初想要读《甲骨文——流离时空里的新生中国》这本书,是缘于一位住在甘肃天水的朋友,因为同样爱好阅读,我们在网上认识,他偶尔托我从香港买一两原版图书邮寄给他。这是一个顺丰快递还没开通邮路的遥远的城市,也是三国后期名将姜维的故乡。 我只能使用圆通或是EMS的陆运,一趟往往需时一周至半个月,这次也不例外。我能想象这本装在纸......2012-01-17 来自 久周出版2007版
重建的围城
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- namik_ercan(焦糖玛奇朵上面的格子拉花) 最初想要读《甲骨文——流离时空里的新生中国》这本书,是缘于一位住在甘肃天水的朋友,因为同样爱好阅读,我们在网上认识,他偶尔托我从香港买一两原版图书邮寄给他。这是一个顺丰快递还没开通邮路的遥远的城市,也是三国后期名将姜维的故乡。 我只能使用圆通或是EMS的陆运,一趟往往需时一周至半个月,这次也不例外。我能想象这本装在纸......2012-01-17 1/2有用来自 八旗文化2011版
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