个人电脑早期历史

    Taylor had been a twenty-six-year-old research director at the department of Defense's Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA)in the 1960s, when interactive computing (meaning a programmer could enter commands and receive output from computers without submitting decks of punched cards to operators),computer graphics(an outgrowth of the air defense system),and Engelbart's Augmentation Research Center were just getting off the ground.In the Vietnam War era,when Congress forced ARPA to crack down on research that wasn't directly related to weaponry,Taylor recruited all the young talent he had previously funded for ARPA to join a new research laboratory that Xerox Corporation was starting in Califomia.C.Peter McColough,the visionary Xerox CEO at that time,bankrolled a research center that would turn his company from a copier manufacture to "the architect of information"for the office;infamously,the company wasn't able to seize the advantage from the market it had invented before Apple and Microsoft stole its thunder.
鼠标和电脑图形界面发明的关键组织及个人：美国国防高等研究所、Xerox、Engelbart。