第61页 Sociology in the global commnunity

1. cultural survival in Brazil

???what does society lose when indigenous cultures die?

i. the damage of the living environment. The circumstances like the deforestation
ii The lack of belief,the leader of the society will clench their power as much as they can


2. CULTURE VARIATION
2-1  subcultures
Subculture is a segment of society that shares a distinctive pattern of customs,rules ,and the traditions that differs from the pattern of the larger society, In a sense, a subculture can be thought of as a culture existing within a larger, dominant culture. The existence of many subcultures is characteristic of complex societies such as the United States.

Interactionist perspective:
language and symbols offer a powerful way for a subculture to feel cohesive and maintain its identity.


Language is nature barrier in the communication,which can form the self-recognition.



2-2 countercultures
Young men and women rejected the pressure to accumulate cars,homes,and the endless array of material goods. Instead,theyn expressed a desire to live in a culture based on more humanistic values,such as sharing,love,and coexistence with the environment.

i.e. terrorist groups operates as a counterculture within the U.S..



2-3 culture shock
Anyone who feels disoriented,uncertain,out of place,or even fearful when immersed in an unfamiliar culture may be experiencing culture shock.

e.g An American resident comes to CHINA,wants to have meat for dinner. He will be stunned to learn that the specialty is dog meat.


The conservative people will be fearful to see the provocative dress styles.





ROLE of LANGUAGE

******language is fundamental to their shared culture.*****************
Language is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture.
Language does more than simply describe reality;it also serves to shape the reality of a culture.
Language can shape how we see,taste,smell,feel,and hear


Sapir and Whorf's hypothesis that language pops out preceding thought is not totally accepted by me.  From my point view, language is the reality of thought.A considerate person will not let their words pop out without thinking deeply.