The Elements of Style 读书笔记
这篇书评可能有关键情节透露
这本书讲的主要是英文写作的一些简要原则，我会再多尝试一下书中写作的原则。
This book is intended for use in English courses in which the practice of composition is combined with the study of litera
Chapter II
ELEMENTARY RULES OF USAGE
1. Form the possessive singular of nouns with ’s.
用's给所有格单数做结尾。
2. In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a
comma after each term except the last.
在使用了连接词的几个并列词语中，除了最后一层并列使用连接词外，之前的词语之间用逗号分隔。
3. Enclose parenthetic expressions between commas.
逗号之间的插入性短语要完整。
4. Place a comma before and or but introducing an independent
clause
逗号用在and或but等连接词前，引出独立从句。
5. Do not join independent clauses by a comma.
独立的从句之间不用逗号，用分号分隔。
6. Do not break sentences in two.
不要把一句话的意思人为分成两段。
7. A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to
the grammatical subject.
一个句子开头的分词短语是修饰的是句子语法上的主语。
8. Divide words at line-ends, in accordance with their formation and
pronunciation.
句尾分词要按照音节和词形分断。
Chapter III
ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF COMPOSITION
9. Make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to
each topic.
把句子作为文章的组成单元：一段一个主题。
10. As a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentence; end it in
conformity with the beginning.
段落开始点明主题，段落结束再次呼应。
11. Use the active voice.
使用主动语态
12. Put statements in positive form.
正面的表述，少用否定的not 等
13. Omit needless words.
省略以突出重点
14. Avoid a succession of loose sentences.
避免使用一连串的松散句，因为真的会让读者犯晕的。
15. Express co-ordinate ideas in similar form.
类似的意思的句子用都用的形式（类似排比的效果）
16. Keep related words together.
相关的词在句子中放的紧密些。
17. In summaries, keep to one tense.
总结的时候保持统一时态。
18. Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end.
句尾凸显关键的词。
ps：What is a loose / periodic / balanced sentence?
1. Loose sentence:(松散句) main idea is presented at the beginning and the elements of the sentences are placed in a natural order like this: subject-verb-complement. The in formation is orderly presentation. It is often simpler, natural, and direct.
E.g. my roommate told me to buy a ticket for him when I went to train station yesterday.
2. Periodic sentence:（圆周句）Main idea is presented at the end. You can’t understand the writer until you read thoroughly. Such sentence can emphasize the element placed at the beginning. It is more complex, emphatic, formal or literary.
E.g. having considered both sides of the argument, I have come to the conclusion that the advantages of owning a car outweigh the disadvantages.
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that you may take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink.
3. Balanced sentence:Main ideas are often presented in parallel phrases or clauses.
E.g. the role of a man is to provide and the role of a woman is to care for the household and family. This is a traditional perspective we were taught in the past more than to decades.
This book is intended for use in English courses in which the practice of composition is combined with the study of litera
Chapter II
ELEMENTARY RULES OF USAGE
1. Form the possessive singular of nouns with ’s.
用's给所有格单数做结尾。
2. In a series of three or more terms with a single conjunction, use a
comma after each term except the last.
在使用了连接词的几个并列词语中，除了最后一层并列使用连接词外，之前的词语之间用逗号分隔。
3. Enclose parenthetic expressions between commas.
逗号之间的插入性短语要完整。
4. Place a comma before and or but introducing an independent
clause
逗号用在and或but等连接词前，引出独立从句。
5. Do not join independent clauses by a comma.
独立的从句之间不用逗号，用分号分隔。
6. Do not break sentences in two.
不要把一句话的意思人为分成两段。
7. A participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence must refer to
the grammatical subject.
一个句子开头的分词短语是修饰的是句子语法上的主语。
8. Divide words at line-ends, in accordance with their formation and
pronunciation.
句尾分词要按照音节和词形分断。
Chapter III
ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF COMPOSITION
9. Make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to
each topic.
把句子作为文章的组成单元：一段一个主题。
10. As a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentence; end it in
conformity with the beginning.
段落开始点明主题，段落结束再次呼应。
11. Use the active voice.
使用主动语态
12. Put statements in positive form.
正面的表述，少用否定的not 等
13. Omit needless words.
省略以突出重点
14. Avoid a succession of loose sentences.
避免使用一连串的松散句，因为真的会让读者犯晕的。
15. Express co-ordinate ideas in similar form.
类似的意思的句子用都用的形式（类似排比的效果）
16. Keep related words together.
相关的词在句子中放的紧密些。
17. In summaries, keep to one tense.
总结的时候保持统一时态。
18. Place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end.
句尾凸显关键的词。
ps：What is a loose / periodic / balanced sentence?
1. Loose sentence:(松散句) main idea is presented at the beginning and the elements of the sentences are placed in a natural order like this: subject-verb-complement. The in formation is orderly presentation. It is often simpler, natural, and direct.
E.g. my roommate told me to buy a ticket for him when I went to train station yesterday.
2. Periodic sentence:（圆周句）Main idea is presented at the end. You can’t understand the writer until you read thoroughly. Such sentence can emphasize the element placed at the beginning. It is more complex, emphatic, formal or literary.
E.g. having considered both sides of the argument, I have come to the conclusion that the advantages of owning a car outweigh the disadvantages.
It is a truth universally acknowledged, that you may take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink.
3. Balanced sentence:Main ideas are often presented in parallel phrases or clauses.
E.g. the role of a man is to provide and the role of a woman is to care for the household and family. This is a traditional perspective we were taught in the past more than to decades.
- 作者: William Strunk Jr.
- 出版: Dover Publications
- 定价: USD 3.95
- 装帧: Paperback
- 页数: 64
- 时间: 2006-5-26