【按语:《单纯理性限度内的宗教(Religion within the bounds of bare reason,1793)》这书名似乎暗示理性之外仍然有物存在:启示,抑或历史性的宗教经验?不。康德认为信仰的核心是道德和实践理性,但凡启示和历史经验能触及的东西,理性也必然能够触及(理性优先于历史)。...
(展开)
最近在复习康德的Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft(《单纯理性限度内的宗教》),因为一直读他的句子非常崩溃,所以上人人随手发了一条状态: 用康德的方法把一句话变得无比复杂:(原句)我国有希望变成一个超级大国。(康句)这个国家,我指的是...
(展开)
这是我上个学期这门课(OS)口试的总结复习材料,供大家参考,夹杂中文,见笑。 《单纯理性限度内的宗教第三章复习纲要》 Einleitung: Die Ursache und die Umstände des Angriffs der Gerechtigkeit kommen einem nicht sowohl von seiner eigenen rohen Natur, sofern ...
(展开)
如此便区分了“通常”对本性的理解和“遵从客观的道德法则”的本性这一术语之间的区别。
英文译本更拗口一点:But lest anyone be immediately scandalized by the expression nature, 6:21 which would stand in direct contradiction to the predicates morally good or morally evil if taken to mean (as it usually does) the opposite of the ground of actions [arising] from freedom, let it be noted that by "the nature of a human being" we only understand here the subjective ground - wherever it may lie - of the exercise of the human being's freedom in general (under objective moral laws) antecedent to every deed that falls within the scope of the senses.
此段应该是描述印度神话里设定的场景。
[1]印度斯坦即印度,剑桥英译版译作India,斯坦有地区之意。
[2]湿婆,梵语罗马字可能是Siva。英译卢陀罗Rutra,湿婆Shiva,Shiwa,毗湿奴Vishnu,梵天Brahma。
[3]此大段末尾的英译编者注9:According to Bohatec, Kant drew his information from Johann Ith, Ubersetzung und Kommentar über den Ezour-Vedam, oder die Geschichte, Religion und Philosophie der Indier (Translation and Commentary of the Ezour-Vedam, or the History, Religion and Philosophy of the Indians; Bern, no date) pp. 10 ff., and from Pierre Sonnerat (French natural scientist and explorer, 1749-1814), Reise nach Ostindien und China auf Befehl des Königs unternommen (Voyage to East-India and China, Undertaken at the King's Request; 2 vols; Zürich, 1783), 1, pp. 166, 249, both of which he had read. Cf. Bohatec, pp. 166-7, AK 8:505. The whole imagery of this passage, however, is drawn from the Christian apocalyptic writers, notably Bengel, with whose work, Ordo temporum (The Order of Time; Tiibingen, 1741), Kant was acquainted. Cf. The Conflict of the Faculties, AK 7:62, 80-81. J. A. Bengel (1687-1752) was a mystical theologian who predicted the end of the world for 1836.
如此便区分了“通常”对本性的理解和“遵从客观的道德法则”的本性这一术语之间的区别。
英文译本更拗口一点:But lest anyone be immediately scandalized by the expression nature, 6:21 which would stand in direct contradiction to the predicates morally good or morally evil if taken to mean (as it usually does) the opposite of the ground of actions [arising] from freedom, let it be noted that by "the nature of a human being" we only understand here the subjective ground - wherever it may lie - of the exercise of the human being's freedom in general (under objective moral laws) antecedent to every deed that falls within the scope of the senses.
如此便区分了“通常”对本性的理解和“遵从客观的道德法则”的本性这一术语之间的区别。
英文译本更拗口一点:But lest anyone be immediately scandalized by the expression nature, 6:21 which would stand in direct contradiction to the predicates morally good or morally evil if taken to mean (as it usually does) the opposite of the ground of actions [arising] from freedom, let it be noted that by "the nature of a human being" we only understand here the subjective ground - wherever it may lie - of the exercise of the human being's freedom in general (under objective moral laws) antecedent to every deed that falls within the scope of the senses.
3 有用 佐为 2018-02-24 02:32:51
根本恶既是人类学意义上的又是道德上的,即人运用Willkür将道德法则独有的统一性引入到其他动机中破坏了准则。虽然其人性论是既有向善的原初禀赋又有趋恶的倾向但囿于严峻主义立场还是采纳性恶论。目的是为道德哲学作准备的,以意志开始,以自由为前提。善之原则拟人化的理念实在性在于概念无直观则空。恶的原则毋宁说从历史角度对圣经的阐释。善对恶的胜利体现了自由,也是伦理共同体的建立过程。既是从伦理自然状态到道德... 根本恶既是人类学意义上的又是道德上的,即人运用Willkür将道德法则独有的统一性引入到其他动机中破坏了准则。虽然其人性论是既有向善的原初禀赋又有趋恶的倾向但囿于严峻主义立场还是采纳性恶论。目的是为道德哲学作准备的,以意志开始,以自由为前提。善之原则拟人化的理念实在性在于概念无直观则空。恶的原则毋宁说从历史角度对圣经的阐释。善对恶的胜利体现了自由,也是伦理共同体的建立过程。既是从伦理自然状态到道德社会的进程,也是从他律的律法共同体向自律的伦理共同体的转变,其形式即教会。伦理共同体应是奠基中的目的王国,作为道德统治者的上帝即目的王国的元首。但康德否认犹太教的道德意义。偏离这一道德进程的是伪事奉,产生了作为物神崇拜的教权制,其中充斥着邀恩手段。只看了奠基隔了实批就看了这部,应回去补实批。 (展开)
0 有用 总是觉得很饿 2016-05-30 21:55:56
康德存而不论的地方,是否只能诉诸神学?
8 有用 Story 2011-11-02 11:05:37
真的有人能在僅讀譯文的情況下看懂嗎。。。
0 有用 伱我 一路走来 2020-04-06 14:23:34
在閱讀起步,還是要讀一些艱澀難懂,思考深邃的作品。
0 有用 郑奉常论隋炀帝 2020-07-19 19:14:26
新日暮里哲学专业必读书
0 有用 明天是什么季节 2021-07-18 15:51:20
reference
0 有用 莫然 2021-07-03 00:10:42
上帝不存在也要造一个出来,道德导致宗教!
0 有用 郑奉常论隋炀帝 2020-07-19 19:14:26
新日暮里哲学专业必读书
0 有用 伱我 一路走来 2020-04-06 14:23:34
在閱讀起步,還是要讀一些艱澀難懂,思考深邃的作品。
0 有用 siuolsiuol 2020-01-22 18:31:31
非常值得一读的 在逻辑的边界探索道德信仰的本质