这里首先应该解释一下什么叫功利主义，严格意义上而不是随便说说的。首先功利主义是一个伦理学的概念，它是在休谟和康德分别创立互相对立的两大伦理学流派以后，由边沁和穆勒分别提出理论的另一伦理学流派。他们的伦理学的基本原则是greatest happiness principle: We should ...
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In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he...
2019-04-28 12:57:02
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he will not fail to find this enviable existence, if he escape the positive evils of life, the great sources of physical and mental suffering- such as indigence, disease, and the unkindness, worthlessness, or premature loss of objects of affection. The main stress of the problem lies, therefore, in the contest with these calamities, from which it is a rare good fortune entirely to escape; which, as things now are, cannot be obviated, and often cannot be in any material degree mitigated. Yet no one whose opinion deserves a moment's consideration can doubt that most of the great positive evils of the world are in themselves removable, and will, if human affairs continue to improve, be in the end reduced within narrow limits. Poverty, in any sense implying suffering, may be completely extinguished by the wisdom of society, combined with the good sense and providence of individuals. Even that most intractable of enemies, disease, may be indefinitely reduced in dimensions by good physical and moral education, and proper control of noxious influences; while the progress of science holds out a promise for the future of still more direct conquests over this detestable foe. And every advance in that direction relieves us from some, not only of the chances which cut short our own lives, but, what concerns us still more, which deprive us of those in whom our happiness is wrapt up. As for vicissitudes of fortune, and other disappointments connected with worldly circumstances, these are principally the effect either of gross imprudence, of ill-regulated desires, or of bad or imperfect social institutions. 引自 2
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
2013-01-05 23:11:11
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he...
2019-04-28 12:57:02
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he will not fail to find this enviable existence, if he escape the positive evils of life, the great sources of physical and mental suffering- such as indigence, disease, and the unkindness, worthlessness, or premature loss of objects of affection. The main stress of the problem lies, therefore, in the contest with these calamities, from which it is a rare good fortune entirely to escape; which, as things now are, cannot be obviated, and often cannot be in any material degree mitigated. Yet no one whose opinion deserves a moment's consideration can doubt that most of the great positive evils of the world are in themselves removable, and will, if human affairs continue to improve, be in the end reduced within narrow limits. Poverty, in any sense implying suffering, may be completely extinguished by the wisdom of society, combined with the good sense and providence of individuals. Even that most intractable of enemies, disease, may be indefinitely reduced in dimensions by good physical and moral education, and proper control of noxious influences; while the progress of science holds out a promise for the future of still more direct conquests over this detestable foe. And every advance in that direction relieves us from some, not only of the chances which cut short our own lives, but, what concerns us still more, which deprive us of those in whom our happiness is wrapt up. As for vicissitudes of fortune, and other disappointments connected with worldly circumstances, these are principally the effect either of gross imprudence, of ill-regulated desires, or of bad or imperfect social institutions. 引自 2
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
2013-01-05 23:11:11
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he...
2019-04-28 12:57:02
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he will not fail to find this enviable existence, if he escape the positive evils of life, the great sources of physical and mental suffering- such as indigence, disease, and the unkindness, worthlessness, or premature loss of objects of affection. The main stress of the problem lies, therefore, in the contest with these calamities, from which it is a rare good fortune entirely to escape; which, as things now are, cannot be obviated, and often cannot be in any material degree mitigated. Yet no one whose opinion deserves a moment's consideration can doubt that most of the great positive evils of the world are in themselves removable, and will, if human affairs continue to improve, be in the end reduced within narrow limits. Poverty, in any sense implying suffering, may be completely extinguished by the wisdom of society, combined with the good sense and providence of individuals. Even that most intractable of enemies, disease, may be indefinitely reduced in dimensions by good physical and moral education, and proper control of noxious influences; while the progress of science holds out a promise for the future of still more direct conquests over this detestable foe. And every advance in that direction relieves us from some, not only of the chances which cut short our own lives, but, what concerns us still more, which deprive us of those in whom our happiness is wrapt up. As for vicissitudes of fortune, and other disappointments connected with worldly circumstances, these are principally the effect either of gross imprudence, of ill-regulated desires, or of bad or imperfect social institutions. 引自 2
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
2013-01-05 23:11:11
"Happiness...was not a life of rapture; but...many and various pleasures, with a decided predominance of the active over the passive, and having as the foundation of the whole, not to expect more from life than it is capable of bestowing."
江绪林
上海人民出版社2008版
吞浪鲸
九州出版社2007版
镜子
上海人民出版社2008版
小楼🌈
中国社会科学出版社2009版
伦伦乐
上海人民出版社2008版
In a world in which there is so much to interest, so much to enjoy, and so much also to correct and improve, every one who has this moderate amount of moral and intellectual requisites is capable of an existence which may be called enviable; and unless such a person, through bad laws, or subjection to the will of others, is denied the liberty to use the sources of happiness within his reach, he...
1 有用 Imim 2019-02-16 16:52:30
可可爱爱utilitarianism超喜欢
1 有用 Mandara 2013-04-09 03:55:12
Totally brilliant in terms of animal rights.
1 有用 春日球 2011-11-23 22:11:54
氧化钙！对人类太高估了，这个道德标准怎能从个人达到社会、怎能攻击直觉又利用直觉普遍化。但是，我不认为他想“着重”出亚里士多德伦理三分要素中的其中一点（行动者目的），相反，他的功利野心更大，所着重或是甚至想取代的是，三分统和的要素：实践智慧。在这个意义上，他是伟大的失败者。
1 有用 某然 2012-01-03 07:59:02
哲学课里还比较能接受的一个理论...虽然mill讲话真让人头痛嘤嘤嘤
3 有用 寂海 2012-10-31 10:17:25
全书作者除了第一章外都在努力和对手斗争。过多的试图弥补自己的理论的不足之处还不完全成功倒显得弱气了。
0 有用 火锅在逃小饼干 2022-07-22 00:00:43
很难想象是那么早之前写出来的，看完了整本书还是有点一知半解，可能对于我来说功利主义就是做当下最快乐的事。
0 有用 Marine Florick 2022-05-22 01:55:39
拿来练手写argument
0 有用 一个瞎子 2022-05-13 23:05:09
配合桑德尔的哈佛公开课看得，看了一半坚持不住了很多语言逻辑啃得太费力。想必阅读时每个人对于如下都有自己的答案：1.是要做永不满足的人，还是满足的猪 2.精神和肉体的欢愉那种更为高贵 3.是不是值得以特定的痛苦为代价换取一种满足 4.是否认可牺牲个体利益获取群体利益……
0 有用 Insoumuses 2022-04-16 15:04:50
在颇搞了些概念辨析的时候发现翻译像一坨屎（不能怪翻译，怪密尔概念一团浆糊）
0 有用 滞销韭菜 2022-02-18 23:46:11
比康德那本好懂。但写作业还是得靠鬼扯。