Elementary Probability Theory with Stochastic Processes

原文摘录   · · · · · ·  ( 全部 )

• In probability theory the notion of a set plays a more fundamental role. Furthermore we are interested in very general kinds of sets as well as specific concrete ones. To begin with the latter kind, consider the following examples: (a) a bushel of apples; (b) fifty-five cancer patients under a certain medical treatment; (c) all the students in a college; (d) all the oxygen molecules in a given container; (e) all possible outcomes when six dice are rolled; (f) all points on a target board. Let us consider at the same time the following “smaller” sets: (a') the rotten apples in that bushel; (b') those patients who respond positively to the treatment; (c') the mathematics majors of that college; (d') those molecules that are traveling upwards; (e') those cases when the six dice sh... (查看原文)

  ◇ 14 回复 4赞 2011-10-14 16:31:32

• At their most fundamental level the financial instruments we deal with here are of either equity-type or debt-type. Equity-type instruments represent ownership of companies. In this chapter, and for simplicity, we will consider publicly traded stocks, on stock markets such as the NYSE, as the only equity-type securities. Many of the very large and well-established companies pay dividends to their stock holders. These are payments made, generally quarterly, sometimes less frequently, by the companies. Debt-type instruments represent cash loans. Investors lend money to corporations or to the government (both federal and local) by purchasing bonds. As with any loan, an interest payment schedule (so-called coupon payment) is specified as well as a date (so-called maturity date) by which the lo... (查看原文)

  [已注销] 2012-11-23 23:53:58

> 全部原文摘录