Of all the ideas Wilson brought to Europe, this concept of self-determination was, and has remained, one of the most controversial and opague. The possibilities for dividing up peoples were unendin...
How can the irrational passions of nationalism or religion be contained before they do more damage? How can we outlaw war? We are still asking those questions.
In 1924, acabinet minister in the Labour government in Britain referred to thetreaty as "a treaty of blood and iron which betrayed every principle for which our soldiers thought they were fighting."
He finished with a warning. "It is a question of whether we can guarantee a peace of half a century to the Far East, or if a situation will be created which can lead to war within ten years." Koo a...
But was that what the United States really wanted? If Japan could not expand westward into Asia, would it turn to the Pacific, toward the Philippines, perhaps even farther east? Wilson and his advi...
The British were particularly concerned about Japans in-roads into their economic sphere in the Yangtze valley. ambassador in okyo warned darkly, "Today we have come to know that Japan - the real J...
The great Chinese writer Lu Xun compared his countrymen to people sleeping in a house made of iron. The house was on fire and the sleepers would die unless they woke up. But if they did wake, would...
The group of some sixty Chinese and their five foreign advisos finally assembled in Paris at the Hôtel Lutétia epitomized China itself, balanced uneasily between the old and the new, the north ...
Wilson, desperate to save the League of Nations but unable to accept the racial equality clause, now faced giving Japan what it wanted in China. What made his position difficult was that China also...
Iris (。)
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