Name: Motivation and Personality
ISBN: 9780060419875

作者: Abraham H. Maslow / Robert D. (Editor) Frager / James (Editor) Fadiman
出版社: Pearson
副标题: and Personality
出版年: 1997-1-17
页数: 336
定价: USD 154.40
装帧: Paperback
ISBN: 9780060419875

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内容简介 · · · · · ·

影响深远的巨著《Motivation and Personality》(中译名：动机与人格)，由下而上，把人类的需求层次分为金字塔五阶式人格理论：从生理需求、安全需求、被归属、接纳的需求，到自尊心需求，以及第五阶段的自我实现需求。

作者简介 · · · · · ·

亚伯拉罕·马斯洛为全人类留下了一份珍贵遗产。他对人本心理学领域的开创性研究，对我们如何看待自己，如何看待生活和社会产生了不可磨灭的影响。

马斯洛的职业生涯始于布鲁克林学院，他颇受学生爱戴。许多学生回忆说，是马斯洛对心理学的热爱和激情把他们引入了这个领域。后来，马斯洛前往布兰迪斯大学任心理学系主任。1967～1968年，他还担任了美国心理学协会主席一职。

虽然马斯洛的研究探索涉及众多领域，但他让人记忆最深的是其需要层次理论以及以自我实现为最高动机的理念。他的研究使人们开始对人类的动机及潜能形成一种更积极的认知框架。

他著述丰富，写过数百篇关于创造力、先进管理技术、人的动机以及自我实现等方面的文章。他最著名的作品《存在心理学探索》便是一本广为流传的书。1962年夏天，马斯洛在南加州的一家工厂进行观察时曾写了一本日记。这本日记...

(展开全部)

原文摘录 · · · · · · ( 全部 )

一个爱的需要在其早期生命得到满足的成年人,在安全,归属以及爱的满足方面,比一般人更加独立.正是那些坚强,健康,自主的人能经受住爱和声望的损失. (查看原文)

成都妹儿 1 回复 21赞 2012-05-05 00:25:38

—— 引自第41页
神经质的人歪曲现实，苛求现实，把过早的概念化强加给现实，他们害怕未知的、新奇的东西，他们过多地被他的人际需要所决定，而不是一个对现实的好的报告者，他们太容易受惊恐，他们太渴望他人的赞同，等等。 (查看原文)

阿喵 1 回复 8赞 2012-07-16 22:05:52

—— 引自第235页

> 全部原文摘录

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心理学 Psychology 英文心理马斯洛英文原版美国社会科学

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Motivation and Personality的话题 · · · · · · ( 全部条 )

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无论是一部作品、一个人，还是一件事，都往往可以衍生出许多不同的话题。将这些话题细分出来，分别进行讨论，会有更多收获。

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Motivation and Personality的书评 · · · · · · ( 全部 79 条 )

热门 / 最新 / 好友 /只看本版本的评论

角质紧猫 2015-03-25 22:03:47 中国人民大学出版社2012版

穿过人性阴影的光之箭

想必大家都知道一些马斯洛提出的“需求理论”，它超级直观的被画成一个金字塔，和弗洛伊德，荣格等人的理论并排在一起，被各种心理学，至少涉及一点心理学的书籍和文章反复提及，知名度奇高，几乎人人都能说出个大概。曾经读高中时满心迷茫的我，饥不择食的找来... (展开)

136

5 14回应

青青竹 2009-02-13 12:18:13 中国人民大学出版社2007版

灵魂纯净的天使

在国图看完马斯洛传，马斯洛的需求理论让我对自己身边的人和对自己的各个时期思考了很多，不少当年的迷惑拨云见日。我喜欢马斯洛，他对我有很大影响，以前只是浅浅地了解到几大需求层次，但他的《动机与人格》让我对自我实现的人有了更多的了解，合上书，我想了想自己身边... (展开)

8 9回应

philosophia 2005-12-24 15:07:47 华夏出版社1987版

《动机与人格》读书笔记

野兽读书偶记（四） 1．自我实现者具有奇妙的反复欣赏的能力,他们带着敬畏-兴奋-好奇甚至狂喜,精神饱满地-天真无邪地体验人生的天伦之乐,而对于其他人,这些体验也许已经变得陈旧.对于自我实现者,每一次日落都像第一次看见那样美妙,每一朵花都温馨馥郁,令人喜爱不已,甚至在他见... (展开)

1 5回应

robin1123 2007-11-28 10:47:33 中国人民大学出版社2007版

心理学进阶阅读的第一本书

很多年轻人不是特别清楚这本书的原作者。大名鼎鼎的马斯洛（港台译法：马思乐），是在管理界内众所周知的。无论是销售管理、人力资源管理、团队激励还是销售时的客户管理，都可以运用的 “马斯洛需求模型”。而这一本书，恰恰是正确解释“马斯洛需求模型”的概念的一本... (展开)

9 22回应

花衣云影 2014-01-12 15:45:07 中国人民大学出版社2007版

伟人心理学与健康心理学

有一个笑话是说，精神病与神经病到底有什么不同？答案是，精神病人认为2+2=3，神经病人以为2+2=4，前者认为自己是对的，后者认为自己是错的。这个笑话确实说出了一部分受到“神经症”症状困扰的“病人”病因所在，那就是他们不敢相信自己“是对的”。这部分人在马斯洛看来，... (展开)

4 4回应

Well 2011-04-09 23:08:37 中国人民大学出版社2007版

幸福之路

这篇书评可能有关键情节透露

动机与人格 2011 04 09 什么是自我实现的人，他们的生理，安全，归属，爱，自尊的需要得到满足，正在充分利用和开发天资、能力以走向自己力所能及的高度，实现自我。一个自我实现的人所具有的人格特质和哲学观，能够使他面对生命，生活时，更加愉快和满足，而这不正是每个人所... (展开)

1回应

倍魄 2009-08-24 01:43:41 中国人民大学出版社2007版

被层次所羁绊

诚如本书的主译者许金声在“译者前言”中的讨论，马斯洛最为人所知的是他的层次需求理论、人的潜能和自我实现的论说。马斯洛发现和总结了人的需求的一种层次递进的关系，它们从低到高依次是：生理需求、安全需求、归属和爱的需求、自尊的需求和自我实现的需求。这些需求通常都... (展开)

1 1回应

J.T. 2021-07-08 16:21:50 华夏出版社1987版

宇宙、人与生命的意义

只是在来到这个世界上很久之后，我才开始考虑人生意义的问题。刚来时我并未思索过这个问题。或许和你一样，只是哭。这样说似乎不太严谨，毕竟你出生的时候我不在场。我出生时我是在场的，不过，尽管如此，我也不能确定地说我自己哭了。对当时的情况我并无记忆。你或许会安慰我... (展开)

1 5回应

透 2011-09-15 14:52:30 华夏出版社1987版

我的自责心理

我的自责心理来自两个方面: 一方面对自己办事达不到预期而自我怪责. 另一方面对没有办法满足别人的期待而自责. 两种自责都非常重,在打击自己自信心方面都是非常有力的,每次都可以弄得自己一个来星期少言寡语,对很多事情兴趣全无,只光想这自... (展开)

4回应

瑚琏大侠 2014-03-19 20:05:55 中国人民大学出版社2007版

人性与人的自我完善

读罢马斯洛的动机与人格，慨叹良久。许多心中多年的困惑，逐渐变的明朗起来；许多一直坚持的隐隐约约，也得到了确证。从心理学上来讲，马斯洛开创的人本心理学改变了心理学研究的方向，让心理学从医院走向了普罗大众，走进了每一个人的生活。读书中的一些想法简要汇总如下，明... (展开)

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读书笔记 · · · · · · (共7篇)

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第72页 THE NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION

阿喵

A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be. He must be true to his own nature. This need we may call self-actllalization. NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, it refers to man's desire for self-fulfillment, namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. This tendency...
2012-06-26 20:21:07 1人喜欢

A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be. He must be true to his own nature. This need we may call self-actllalization. NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, it refers to man's desire for self-fulfillment, namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. This tendency might be phrased as the desire to become more and more what one idiosyncratically is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming.
引自 THE NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION
——作曲家必须作曲，画家必须作画，诗人必须写诗，否则他就无法得到安宁。一个人能够成为什么，他就必须成为什么。他必须忠实于自己的本性。我们可以把这一需要称之为“自我实现”。 “自我实现”，是指人对于自我发挥和自我完成的欲望，也就是一种使人的潜力得以实现的倾向。这种倾向可以说成是一个人越来越成为独特的那个人，成为他所能够成为的一切。

推荐

回应 2012-06-26 20:21:07
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第120页 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID

阿喵

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demons...
2012-06-30 12:53:10 1人喜欢

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demonstrating by his reactions that he has spunk enough left to resist the breaking of his psychological bones.
引自 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID
—— 一个人为了保护自己的完整性和内在本质而对抗文化习俗，对于类似行为的研究于是成为了——或者说就应该成为——心理学以及社会学中一个值得尊重的研究领域。急切地屈服于自己文化中摧残力量的人，即一个适应性强的人，在某种意义上也许还不如那些流氓、罪犯和神经症患者心理健康，这些人正以自身的反应身体力行地向人们展示了他们有足够的胆量来反抗折断自己精神脊梁的文化。

推荐

回应 2012-06-30 12:53:10
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第72页 THE ESTEEM NEEDS

阿喵

The most stable and therefore most healthy self-esteem is based on deserved respect from others rather than on external fame or celebrity and unwarranted adulation. ——最稳定和最健康的自尊是建立在当之无愧的来自他人的尊敬之上，而不是建立在外在的名声、声望以及无根据的奉承之上。
2012-06-26 20:12:56 1人喜欢

The most stable and therefore most healthy self-esteem is based on deserved respect from others rather than on external fame or celebrity and unwarranted adulation.
引自 THE ESTEEM NEEDS
——最稳定和最健康的自尊是建立在当之无愧的来自他人的尊敬之上，而不是建立在外在的名声、声望以及无根据的奉承之上。

推荐

回应 2012-06-26 20:12:56
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59

Gentle

p61 对基本需求的满足，让人更健康，更不容易神经质。比如安全感的满足，会提高睡眠质量，使人更有勇气，冒险精神。
2019-11-19 17:39:32

p61 对基本需求的满足，让人更健康，更不容易神经质。比如安全感的满足，会提高睡眠质量，使人更有勇气，冒险精神。

推荐

回应 2019-11-19 17:39:32

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第55页 ENVIRONMENT

阿喵

Psychologically there is no such thing as a barrier; there is only a barrier for a particular person who is trying to get something that he wants.
2012-06-22 11:06:07

Psychologically there is no such thing as a barrier; there is only a barrier for a particular person who is trying to get something that he wants.
引自 ENVIRONMENT

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回应 2012-06-22 11:06:07
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第72页 THE ESTEEM NEEDS

阿喵

The most stable and therefore most healthy self-esteem is based on deserved respect from others rather than on external fame or celebrity and unwarranted adulation. ——最稳定和最健康的自尊是建立在当之无愧的来自他人的尊敬之上，而不是建立在外在的名声、声望以及无根据的奉承之上。
2012-06-26 20:12:56 1人喜欢

The most stable and therefore most healthy self-esteem is based on deserved respect from others rather than on external fame or celebrity and unwarranted adulation.
引自 THE ESTEEM NEEDS
——最稳定和最健康的自尊是建立在当之无愧的来自他人的尊敬之上，而不是建立在外在的名声、声望以及无根据的奉承之上。

推荐

回应 2012-06-26 20:12:56
展开收起
第72页 THE NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION

阿喵

A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be. He must be true to his own nature. This need we may call self-actllalization. NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, it refers to man's desire for self-fulfillment, namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. This tendency...
2012-06-26 20:21:07 1人喜欢

A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be. He must be true to his own nature. This need we may call self-actllalization. NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION, it refers to man's desire for self-fulfillment, namely, to the tendency for him to become actualized in what he is potentially. This tendency might be phrased as the desire to become more and more what one idiosyncratically is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming.
引自 THE NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION
——作曲家必须作曲，画家必须作画，诗人必须写诗，否则他就无法得到安宁。一个人能够成为什么，他就必须成为什么。他必须忠实于自己的本性。我们可以把这一需要称之为“自我实现”。 “自我实现”，是指人对于自我发挥和自我完成的欲望，也就是一种使人的潜力得以实现的倾向。这种倾向可以说成是一个人越来越成为独特的那个人，成为他所能够成为的一切。

推荐

回应 2012-06-26 20:21:07
展开收起
第120页 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID

阿喵

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demons...
2012-06-30 12:53:10 1人喜欢

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demonstrating by his reactions that he has spunk enough left to resist the breaking of his psychological bones.
引自 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID
—— 一个人为了保护自己的完整性和内在本质而对抗文化习俗，对于类似行为的研究于是成为了——或者说就应该成为——心理学以及社会学中一个值得尊重的研究领域。急切地屈服于自己文化中摧残力量的人，即一个适应性强的人，在某种意义上也许还不如那些流氓、罪犯和神经症患者心理健康，这些人正以自身的反应身体力行地向人们展示了他们有足够的胆量来反抗折断自己精神脊梁的文化。

推荐

回应 2012-06-30 12:53:10

展开收起
59

Gentle

p61 对基本需求的满足，让人更健康，更不容易神经质。比如安全感的满足，会提高睡眠质量，使人更有勇气，冒险精神。
2019-11-19 17:39:32

p61 对基本需求的满足，让人更健康，更不容易神经质。比如安全感的满足，会提高睡眠质量，使人更有勇气，冒险精神。

推荐

回应 2019-11-19 17:39:32
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page 47-58

Gentle

page 49 the desires to know and to understand One potentially way to counter pathology is to do more intellectually demanding job. Perhaps I have a strong desire a understand and to dig into things. If these needs can be satisfied and I am requird to fill in a lot of different occupations without going deep into any, I would be pissed off (which I don't really need to) During the reading, I fou...
2019-11-18 22:03:26

page 49 the desires to know and to understand
One potentially way to counter pathology is to do more intellectually demanding job. Perhaps I have a strong desire a understand and to dig into things. If these needs can be satisfied and I am requird to fill in a lot of different occupations without going deep into any, I would be pissed off (which I don't really need to)
During the reading, I found a really efficient way to read it, which is to read the title and predict, then go through the text to confirm/disaprove my guess. This focused on meaning and higher rank thinking and understanding, instead of being immersed in reading word-by-word.
p57 the role of gratified needs
Once needs are gratified they no longer motivates people, giving rise to higher needs. Therefore, satifisfying students' lower needs may help them raise their higher needs.
As I read and connect the reading to my own life, I feel except physical needs, many needs may be paralleled, rather than hierachical, such as the need for love, self-esteem, and self-actualization, understanding, and knowing, spontaneous curiosity. This can emerge during different phases in life, for different people. But generally speaking, I believe they exist among all people, just the degree is different among them .
p58 functional autonomy
when some needs are chronically strongly satisified, they may no longer serve as needs, and those early satisfaction provides strong fundation for people to explore the world.

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回应 2019-11-18 22:03:26
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第120页 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID

阿喵

From this same consideration, furthermore, arises what seems at first to be a topsy-turvy, hind-end-to paradox. Education, civilization, rationality, religion, law, government, have all been interpreted by most as being primarily instinct-restraining and suppressing forces. But if our contention is correct that instincts have more to fear from civilization than civilization from instincts, perh... (3回应)
2012-06-30 13:16:32

From this same consideration, furthermore, arises what seems at first to be a topsy-turvy, hind-end-to paradox. Education, civilization, rationality, religion, law, government, have all been interpreted by most as being primarily instinct-restraining and suppressing forces. But if our contention is correct that instincts have more to fear from civilization than civilization from instincts, perhaps it ought to be the other way about (if we still wish to produce better men and better societies): perhaps it should be at least one function of education, law, religion, etc, to safeguard, foster, and encourage the expression and gratification of the instinctoid needs for safety, for love, for self-esteem, for self-actualization.
引自 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID
从同一考虑中还出现了一个乍看起来似乎是颠倒黑白的反论。教育、文明、理性、宗教、法律、政府统统被大多数人解释为本质上束缚本能的压制力量，但是，假如本能惧怕文明比文明惧怕本能更严重这一论点是正确的，假如我们仍希望产生更完善的人和更美好的社会，我们就应该从相反的角度看待这个问题：教育、法律、宗教等至少对保护、促进和鼓励诸如“安全”、“爱”、“自尊”和“自我实现”等类本能需要的表达和满足起到了一定的作用。

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3回应 2012-06-30 13:16:32
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第120页 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID

阿喵

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demons...
2012-06-30 12:53:10 1人喜欢

The resistance of the person to enculturation in the interests of his own integrity and of his own intrinsic nature is then, or should be, a respectable area of study in the psychological and social sciences. A person who gives in eagerly to the distorting forces in his culture, i.e, a welladjusted man, may occasionally be less healthy than a delinquent, a criminal, a neurotic who may be demonstrating by his reactions that he has spunk enough left to resist the breaking of his psychological bones.
引自 BASIC NEEDS AS INSTINCTOID
—— 一个人为了保护自己的完整性和内在本质而对抗文化习俗，对于类似行为的研究于是成为了——或者说就应该成为——心理学以及社会学中一个值得尊重的研究领域。急切地屈服于自己文化中摧残力量的人，即一个适应性强的人，在某种意义上也许还不如那些流氓、罪犯和神经症患者心理健康，这些人正以自身的反应身体力行地向人们展示了他们有足够的胆量来反抗折断自己精神脊梁的文化。

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