Ecrits

三、换喻&隐喻的概念

3.1original algorithm（即能指对所指的决定作用，横：抵御指称）

3.1.1能指：不能完全阐释所指，只是满足交流需要

指向能指，规则有限（拓扑层存在）

必然存在真正能指S’

应用：语法 order of constitutive encroachment语法素 taxeme

词汇 order of constitutive inclusions 意素 semanteme

i)About the chain of signifier

Saussure: linearity (applies to….orientated in time)

(incessant sliding of the signified under the signifier)

Lacan: necessary “anchoring points”

Whole articulation of relevant context suspended “vertically”

(at punctuation of each of its unit)

ii)索绪尔:言语循环：能指（音响形象）&所指（概念）

语言符号：两面的心理实体，整体

3.1.2所指

3.1.3 bar: resistance of signification

3.2 f(S)I/s

In this representation of signifiers in the subject I, it passed over to the level of the signified.

拉岡展開了表記與所表記之間的關係：f(S) I/s，此處的換算模式是： 「我」作為表記，受到了「主體」之功能/函數之作用。（雄伯）

3.3 Metonymy (to find)

以事物的部分替代事物的整体。不完全全等。

Based on the word-to-word [SS’] connection.

Permits the elision [……] in which the signifier installs the lack-of-being in the object relation, using the value of ‘reference back’ possessed by signification.

In order to invest it with the desire aimed at the very lack it supports.

（）represents: bar maintains

橫向的表記鍊之元素，依循著在換喻接轉以及隱喻代換的模式而展開： F(S … S’)S ~ S(--)s 換喻轉接的結構指出表記到表記的連結可以使得其中所省略 的正好成為表記的對象關係中所指派的存有之欠缺。此處，表義的轉遞價值轉而投注於支撐欲望的匱乏本身。括弧中的橫線表示了對於意義的抵抗。

3.4 Metaphor

Substitution of signifier for signifier

(+): crossing of the bar, produce an effect of signification

於隱喻代換的公式，則說明了以表記替換表記，而產生了詩意或是創造的效果。括弧中的加號，則表示了橫隔線被跨越，而使得意義得以發生。

四、主体的引入

4.1 问题的提法

4.1.1已有命题I think, therefore I am.

4.1.2讨论范畴Transcendental subject & existential affirmation

4.1.3问题的转换：concentric? Or excentric? [21]

the place I occupy as the subject of a signifier

the place I occupy as the subject of the signified

关于这个问题的解释：

4.1.4 命题的提出：I think where I am not, therefore I am where I do not think.

4.2 事实

4.2.1 metonymy: truth can be evoked only in that dimension of alibi

4.2.2 metaphor: S & s not at the same level, there is no axis

没懂啊！半路想去看黄作老师的书，知网没全免啊

[21]怎么能将主体的一致性转换到空间的一致性呢（主体不在

repetition automatism重复的机制（Wiederholungszwang） has its basis in......the insistence of the signifying chain能指连环的动因 a correlate of the ex-sistence(of the eccentric place)外在的对应物 in which we must necessarily locate the subject of the unconscious *ZHU将eccentric 翻作偏心的，应是离心的意思吧。 in the experience inaugurated(开创) by psychoanalysis ....the symbolic（象征） takes hold in even the deepest recesses of the human organism. *organism-----構造または機能において生体に類似しているとされる体系(a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body) The teaching of this seminar is designed to maintain that imaginary effects, far from representing the core of analytic experience, give us nothing of any consistency unless they are related to the symbolic chain that binds and orients them. illustrate...a truth...drawn from ...Freud's thought....the symbolic order which is constitutive for the suject 对主体来说象征域是有构成力的。 the subject receives from the itinerary of a signifer.能指的变迁（ZHU）？？能指的路线or轨迹？？ Poe-- the game of "even or odd"

"The style is the man himself"风格即人（ZHU） ...without worrying...the man is no longer... a reference point. *ZHU将reference point翻作“可靠的含义”，为何不是“参照点”？？ *the image of the cloth that adorned Buffon while he wrote ....译文何解？ Buffon布丰--Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon，1707年9月7日—1788年4月16日），法国博物学家、数学家、生物学家、宇宙学家和作家。 the formulation: the style is the man...the man one addresses this ...simply to comply with the principle I have proposed: that in language our message comes to us from the Other... echoring locus of our discourse...what is the point of addressing our discourse to him? "The Purloined Letter"被窃的信（ZHU） Poe's message......the reader...realizes that he is no more feigned than the truth is when it inhabits fiction. 半途之中跑去看爱伦坡小说。闹啊。 小短篇，读完了。继续。 the rape of the lock重叠而逆向的环形合拢在结上----最近我们提出的主体的结构subject's structure 爱伦坡小说: the division in which (Poe's fiction) the subject is verified in the fact that an object traverses him without them interpenetrating in any respect, this division being at the crux of what emerges at the end of this collection that goes by the name of object a(to be read: little a-----小对形a) ZHU：在这个分立中，主体以客体越过自身但主客体又绝不交融而得到自证。（ZHU--小a） “chute”of the object 除离客体 the fall isolates this object, both 1-as the cause of desire in which the subject disappears and 2-as sustaining the subject between truth and knowledge.