出版社: Princeton University Press
副标题: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History
出版年: 2016-1-12
页数: 448
定价: USD 39.95
装帧: Hardcover
ISBN: 9780691135977
内容简介 · · · · · ·
The Chinese invented gunpowder and began exploring its military uses as early as the 900s, four centuries before the technology passed to the West. But by the early 1800s, China had fallen so far behind the West in gunpowder warfare that it was easily defeated by Britain in the Opium War of 1839–42. What happened? In The Gunpowder Age, Tonio Andrade offers a compelling new answ...
The Chinese invented gunpowder and began exploring its military uses as early as the 900s, four centuries before the technology passed to the West. But by the early 1800s, China had fallen so far behind the West in gunpowder warfare that it was easily defeated by Britain in the Opium War of 1839–42. What happened? In The Gunpowder Age, Tonio Andrade offers a compelling new answer, opening a fresh perspective on a key question of world history: why did the countries of western Europe surge to global importance starting in the 1500s while China slipped behind?
Historians have long argued that gunpowder weapons helped Europeans establish global hegemony. Yet the inhabitants of what is today China not only invented guns and bombs but also, as Andrade shows, continued to innovate in gunpowder technology through the early 1700s—much longer than previously thought. Why, then, did China become so vulnerable? Andrade argues that one significant reason is that it was out of practice fighting wars, having enjoyed nearly a century of relative peace, since 1760. Indeed, he demonstrates that China—like Europe—was a powerful military innovator, particularly during times of great warfare, such as the violent century starting after the Opium War, when the Chinese once again quickly modernized their forces. Today, China is simply returning to its old position as one of the world’s great military powers.
By showing that China’s military dynamism was deeper, longer lasting, and more quickly recovered than previously understood, The Gunpowder Age challenges long-standing explanations of the so-called Great Divergence between the West and Asia.
The Gunpowder Age的创作者
· · · · · ·
-
欧阳泰 作者
作者简介 · · · · · ·
Tonio Andrade is professor of history at Emory University and the author of Lost Colony: The Untold Story of China’s First Great Victory over the West (Princeton) and How Taiwan Became Chinese.
目录 · · · · · ·
PART I: CHINESE BEGINNINGS
Chapter 1 The Crucible: The Song Warring States Period 15
Chapter 2 Early Gunpowder Warfare 29
Chapter 3 The Mongol Wars and the Evolution of the Gun 44
Chapter 4 Great Martiality: The Gunpowder Emperor 55
· · · · · · (更多)
PART I: CHINESE BEGINNINGS
Chapter 1 The Crucible: The Song Warring States Period 15
Chapter 2 Early Gunpowder Warfare 29
Chapter 3 The Mongol Wars and the Evolution of the Gun 44
Chapter 4 Great Martiality: The Gunpowder Emperor 55
PART II: EUROPE GETS THE GUN
Chapter 5 The Medieval Gun 75
Chapter 6 Big Guns: Why Western Europe and Not China Developed Gunpowder Artillery 88
Chapter 7 The Development of the Classic Gun in Europe 103
Chapter 8 The Gunpowder Age in Europe 115
Chapter 9 Cannibals with Cannons: The Sino-Portuguese Clashes of 1521-1522 124
PART III: AN AGE OF PARITY
Chapter 10 The Frankish Cannon 135
Chapter 11 Drill, Discipline, and the Rise of the West 144
Chapter 12 The Musket in East Asia 166
Chapter 13 The Seventeenth Century: An Age of Parity? 188
Chapter 14 A European Naval Advantage 196
Chapter 15 The Renaissance Fortress: An Agent of European Expansion? 211
PART IV: THE GREAT MILITARY DIVERGENCE
Chapter 16 The Opium War and the Great Divergence 237
Chapter 17 A Modernizing Moment: Opium War Reforms 257
Chapter 18 China's Modernization and the End of the Gunpowder Age 273
Conclusions - A New Warring States Period? 297
Acknowledgments 307
Appendix 1: Timeline 311
Appendix 2: Datasets 312
Abbreviations 317
Notes 319
Bibliography 379
Index 421
· · · · · · (收起)
喜欢读"The Gunpowder Age"的人也喜欢 · · · · · ·
The Gunpowder Age的书评 · · · · · · ( 全部 35 条 )



为什么是西欧而不是中国研发出了大炮:世界军事史上的“大分流”

中国火器从何时开始落后于西方?
这篇书评可能有关键情节透露
你一定听过这样一种说法: 中国人最早发明了火药,但中华民族是一个热爱和平的民族,火药这玩意都拿去放烟花爆竹了,所以在近代史上才会屡屡败给船坚炮利的西方列强。 乍一听像是这么回事。但稍微查阅一下资料就会发现,问题没这么简单。 事实上,中国不但最早发明火药,还最早... (展开)
从丹药到枪炮、从枪炮到病菌、从病菌到钢铁、从钢铁到空调——基于演化观点的人类史研究丛


军事大分流:出则无敌国外患者,国恒亡
> 更多书评 35篇
论坛 · · · · · ·
在这本书的论坛里发言这本书的其他版本 · · · · · · ( 全部4 )
-
中信出版社 (2019)7.7分 541人读过
-
時報文化 (2017)8.1分 38人读过
-
以下书单推荐 · · · · · · ( 全部 )
- 海外中國研究Ⅳ (東寫西讀)
- 早期全球史、海洋史研究 (哈必陈)
- 2016年出版的部分历史书籍 (納蘭逸蕭)
- 目前在读的书 (Lieer)
- 英文人文社科 (福尔梅洛)
谁读这本书? · · · · · ·
二手市场
· · · · · ·
- 在豆瓣转让 有137人想读,手里有一本闲着?
订阅关于The Gunpowder Age的评论:
feed: rss 2.0
5 有用 功夫熊猫小碗熊 2016-11-04 12:13:57
或许初始期望太高,读完发现提出问题和试探多于解释,更适合做教科书。军事大分流的说法很有趣,相对平行的军事技术和作战模式比较,尤其是几次欧洲与亚洲势力交锋也颇有趣,分流在18世纪中叶(所谓盛清和平期)也恰与彭慕兰说法对证。不过两个主要论点——无多国/多政体体系则无战争、无战争则无威胁、无威胁则无进步(一系列战争与国家形成文献),盛清一统安靖导致军事革新需求消失;科学/技术与科技群体的独立发展对军事革... 或许初始期望太高,读完发现提出问题和试探多于解释,更适合做教科书。军事大分流的说法很有趣,相对平行的军事技术和作战模式比较,尤其是几次欧洲与亚洲势力交锋也颇有趣,分流在18世纪中叶(所谓盛清和平期)也恰与彭慕兰说法对证。不过两个主要论点——无多国/多政体体系则无战争、无战争则无威胁、无威胁则无进步(一系列战争与国家形成文献),盛清一统安靖导致军事革新需求消失;科学/技术与科技群体的独立发展对军事革新的促进作用(李约瑟等?)——似已经被反复论述过,并无什么出色之处。欧洲船只更先进更抗风浪、欧洲中世纪堡垒城墙较薄但允许火药武器开火还击,确乎为重要优势,且也在无形中促进火药武器发展和军队远征与后勤编组进步,然欧陆多国战争恰使其非铁板一块,前者仅为少数海权国拥有、后者则并未在远征中体现。 (展开)
0 有用 Alan 2017-10-05 04:13:14
很受military revolution史观影响。论点直接,认为中国历史上战争频繁的时期促进火药武器发展,反之则阻碍。对比欧洲火药武器发展史,考察发展路线不同(欧洲的火炮和菱堡)以及中西交流和接触冲突。认为盛清和平(乾隆后期到19世纪初)所致的军事落后造成鸦片战争落败。
0 有用 Hector 2023-09-29 08:39:17 美国
论证粗糙,即便是军事技术的史观也很难理解跟技术紧密相连的战术和组织竟然没有被纳入。文献引用也大量采用西方视角的档案和个人书信记录。“相对和平-懈怠落后”论真可谓随口胡诌,那宋朝的大环境应该会造就超凡中华帝国,用历史常识就可以想到反例。
0 有用 Francis 2019-02-20 05:57:50
从军事史角度分析中西大分流,这类学术书籍竟然意外的好读,虽说作者的论点有待商榷,但论据确实让我涨了不少知识