Gut Feelings

PART 1:UNCONSCIOUS INTELLIGENCE

1. Gut Feelings

开篇明义。通过三个例子解释直觉。说明了什么是直觉。直觉有用的原因，一是有简单的 rule of thumb，二是根植于人脑进化来的能力。maximizer 和 sacrificer 的划分很有启发，富兰克林在这里成了反面教材。

2. Less Is (Sometimes) More

有时更少的信息 更少的选项 更少的时间 反而更好

3. How Intuition Works

直觉的背后是 rule of thumb. 而 rule of thumb 与内外因素交互有关：内部需要 evolved capacity, 而外部环境决定了 rule of thumb 是否有效。

4. Evolved Brains

adaptive toolbox 的三层：evolved capacity => building blocks => rules of thumb

5. Adapted Minds

理解人的行为不能只看人自身，必须要结合所处环境。环境常有极大不确定性，简单应对 不失为适应良策。很多问题无从优化，唯有凭经验法则行事。

6. Why Good Intuitions Shouldn’t Be Logical

逻辑不是万能的，好的直觉应该超越逻辑。

PART 2:GUT FEELINGS IN ACTION

7. Ever Heard Of…?

人类有强大的识别记忆。基于 name recognition 的直觉在某些场景下简单有效，这些时候你能识别的名字最好别太多也别太少。

8. One Good Reason Is Enough

世事难料，一个好理由就够了。具体来说是两种决策方法：一是仅凭单因素决策，二是在必须考虑多个因素时，用最简单的 sequential decision

9. Less Is More in Health Care

10. Moral Behavior

11. Social Instincts

With all other animals the female is softer in disposition than the male, is more mischievous, less simple, more impulsive, and more attentive to the nurture of the young: the male, on the other hand, is more spirited than the female, more savage, more simple and less cunning. The traces of these differentiated characteristics are more or less visible everywhere, but they are especially visible where character is the more developed, and most of all in man.

The fact is, the nature of man is the most rounded off and complete, and consequently in man the qualities or capacities above referred to are found in their perfection. Hence woman is more compassionate than man, more easily moved to tears, at the same time is more jealous, more querulous, more apt to scold and to strike. She is, furthermore, more prone to despondency and less hopeful than the man, more void of shame or self-respect, more false of speech, more deceptive, and of more retentive memory. She is also more wakeful, more shrinking, more difficult to rouse to action, and requires a smaller quantity of nutriment.

Aristotle