Advanced Backend Optimization

This book is a summary of more than a decade of research in the area of backend optimization. It contains the latest fundamental research results in this field. While existing books are often more oriented toward Masters students, this book is aimed more towards professors and researchers as it contains more advanced subjects.

It is unique in the sense that it contains informat...

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This book is a summary of more than a decade of research in the area of backend optimization. It contains the latest fundamental research results in this field. While existing books are often more oriented toward Masters students, this book is aimed more towards professors and researchers as it contains more advanced subjects.

It is unique in the sense that it contains information that has not previously been covered by other books in the field, with chapters on phase ordering in optimizing compilation; register saturation in instruction level parallelism; code size reduction for software pipelining; memory hierarchy effects and instruction level parallelism.

Other chapters provide the latest research results in well-known topics such as register need, and software pipelining and periodic register allocation.

Introduction xiii
Part 1 Prolog: Optimizing Compilation 1
Chapter 1 On the Decidability of Phase Ordering in Optimizing Compilation 3
Part 2 Instruction Scheduling 23
Chapter 2 Instruction Scheduling Problems and Overview 25
Chapter 3 Applications of Machine Scheduling to Instruction Scheduling 39
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Introduction xiii
Part 1 Prolog: Optimizing Compilation 1
Chapter 1 On the Decidability of Phase Ordering in Optimizing Compilation 3
Part 2 Instruction Scheduling 23
Chapter 2 Instruction Scheduling Problems and Overview 25
Chapter 3 Applications of Machine Scheduling to Instruction Scheduling 39
Chapter 4 Instruction Scheduling Before Register Allocation 51
Chapter 5 Instruction Scheduling After Register Allocation 77
Chapter 6 Dealing in Practice with Memory Hierarchy Effects and Instruction Level Parallelism 91
Part 3 Register Optimization 119
Chapter 7 The Register Need of a Fixed Instruction Schedule 121
Chapter 8 The Register Saturation 141
Chapter 9 Spill Code Reduction 159
Chapter 10 Exploiting the Register Access Delays Before Instruction Scheduling 177
Chapter 11 Loop Unrolling Degree Minimization for Periodic Register Allocation 191
Part 4 Epilog: Performance, Open Problems 231
Chapter 12 Statistical Performance Analysis: The Speedup-Test Protocol 233
Conclusion 257
Appendix 1 Presentation of the Benchmarks Used in Our Experiments 263
Appendix 2 Register Saturation Computation on Stand-Alone DDG 271
Appendix 3 Efficiency of SIRA on the Benchmarks 279
Appendix 4 Efficiency of Non-Positive Circuit Elimination in the SIRA Framework 293
Appendix 5 Loop Unroll Degree Minimization: Experimental Results 303
Appendix 6 Experimental Efficiency of Software Data Preloading and Prefetching for Embedded VLIW 313
Appendix 7 Appendix of the Speedup-Test Protocol 319
Bibliography 327
Lists of Figures, Tables and Algorithms 345
Index 353
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