Up until the end of the eighteenth century, the way Ottomans used their clocks conformed to the inner logic of their own temporal culture. However, this began to change rather dramatically during the nineteenth century, as the Ottoman Empire was increasingly assimilated into the European-dominated global economy and the project of modern state building began to gather momentum. In Reading Clocks, Alla Turca, Avner Wishnitzer unravels the complexity of Ottoman temporal culture and for the first time tells the story of its transformation. He explains that in their attempt to attain better surveillance capabilities and higher levels of regularity and efficiency, various organs of the reforming Ottoman state developed elaborate temporal constructs in which clocks played an increasingly important role. As the reform movement spread beyond the government apparatus, emerging groups of officers, bureaucrats, and urban professionals incorporated novel time-related ideas, values, and behaviors into their self-consciously “modern” outlook and lifestyle. Acculturated in the highly regimented environment of schools and barracks, they came to identify efficiency and temporal regularity with progress and the former temporal patterns with the old political order.
Drawing on a wealth of archival and literary sources, Wishnitzer’s original and highly important work presents the shifting culture of time as an arena in which Ottoman social groups competed for legitimacy and a medium through which the very concept of modernity was defined. Reading Clocks, Alla Turca breaks new ground in the study of the Middle East and presents us with a new understanding of the relationship between time and modernity.
0 有用 CG陶菲克 2022-03-12 01:04:11
切入点非常有趣:晚期奥斯曼的计时系统。当时主要有三种计时系统:以清真寺五次礼拜为参照的系统;落日开始计24小时的alaturca系统,以及现代西方系统alafranga。出于改革的需要,礼拜系统逐步让位给alaturca系统,之后alafranga再逐步推广直到共和国1925年确立使用。计时系统的变革是国家建构的结果,时间既是改革的过程,也是改革的目标,而随着计时系统的变更,与时间相关的社会文化也... 切入点非常有趣:晚期奥斯曼的计时系统。当时主要有三种计时系统:以清真寺五次礼拜为参照的系统;落日开始计24小时的alaturca系统,以及现代西方系统alafranga。出于改革的需要,礼拜系统逐步让位给alaturca系统,之后alafranga再逐步推广直到共和国1925年确立使用。计时系统的变革是国家建构的结果,时间既是改革的过程,也是改革的目标,而随着计时系统的变更,与时间相关的社会文化也出现变化,例如重视守时、重视效率的文化的兴起。尽管我认为一些章节的背景介绍太多了,并且作者的一些理论分析并没有很说服我,但是我很佩服作者能在行政、市政、教育和军事等多领域的文献找到相关的材料并进行具体的案例分析(例如军营管理中时间管理的发展),我认为这是优秀的研究。 (展开)
0 有用 韦衡 2021-10-15 19:37:20
temporality as modernity; govern of body
0 有用 CG陶菲克 2022-03-12 01:04:11
切入点非常有趣:晚期奥斯曼的计时系统。当时主要有三种计时系统:以清真寺五次礼拜为参照的系统;落日开始计24小时的alaturca系统,以及现代西方系统alafranga。出于改革的需要,礼拜系统逐步让位给alaturca系统,之后alafranga再逐步推广直到共和国1925年确立使用。计时系统的变革是国家建构的结果,时间既是改革的过程,也是改革的目标,而随着计时系统的变更,与时间相关的社会文化也... 切入点非常有趣:晚期奥斯曼的计时系统。当时主要有三种计时系统:以清真寺五次礼拜为参照的系统;落日开始计24小时的alaturca系统,以及现代西方系统alafranga。出于改革的需要,礼拜系统逐步让位给alaturca系统,之后alafranga再逐步推广直到共和国1925年确立使用。计时系统的变革是国家建构的结果,时间既是改革的过程,也是改革的目标,而随着计时系统的变更,与时间相关的社会文化也出现变化,例如重视守时、重视效率的文化的兴起。尽管我认为一些章节的背景介绍太多了,并且作者的一些理论分析并没有很说服我,但是我很佩服作者能在行政、市政、教育和军事等多领域的文献找到相关的材料并进行具体的案例分析(例如军营管理中时间管理的发展),我认为这是优秀的研究。 (展开)
0 有用 韦衡 2021-10-15 19:37:20
temporality as modernity; govern of body