作者:
Peter Wohlleben 出版社: Greystone Books 副标题: What They Feel, How They Communicate―Discoveries from a Secret World 译者:
Jane Billinghurst 出版年: 2016-9-13 页数: 288 定价: USD 24.95 装帧: Hardcover ISBN: 9781771642484
In The Hidden Life of Trees, Peter Wohlleben shares his deep love of woods and forests and explains the amazing processes of life, death, and regeneration he has observed in the woodland and the amazing scientific processes behind the wonders of which we are blissfully unaware. Much like human families, tree parents live together with their children, communicate with them, and ...
In The Hidden Life of Trees, Peter Wohlleben shares his deep love of woods and forests and explains the amazing processes of life, death, and regeneration he has observed in the woodland and the amazing scientific processes behind the wonders of which we are blissfully unaware. Much like human families, tree parents live together with their children, communicate with them, and support them as they grow, sharing nutrients with those who are sick or struggling and creating an ecosystem that mitigates the impact of extremes of heat and cold for the whole group. As a result of such interactions, trees in a family or community are protected and can live to be very old. In contrast, solitary trees, like street kids, have a tough time of it and in most cases die much earlier than those in a group.
Drawing on groundbreaking new discoveries, Wohlleben presents the science behind the secret and previously unknown life of trees and their communication abilities; he describes how these discoveries have informed his own practices in the forest around him. As he says, a happy forest is a healthy forest, and he believes that eco-friendly practices not only are economically sustainable but also benefit the health of our planet and the mental and physical health of all who live on Earth.
作者简介
· · · · · ·
After studying forestry, Peter Wohlleben spent over twenty years working for the forestry commission. He left to put his ideas of ecology into practice, and he now runs an environmentally friendly woodland in Huemmel, Germany, where he promotes the return of ancient, sustainability managed forests.
2009年好莱坞大片“阿凡达” 中有这样一个背景： 在电影发生的星球森林里，所有的有机体都是相互连接的。凭借着 “树根间的电化交流”，这些有机体可以沟通，还可以共同管理资源。 如此的想象在现实世界里是有基础的。《The Hidden Life of Trees》（《树木的神秘生活》）一...
(展开)
看《The Hidden Life of Trees》裏面有一段話是： The distinction between plant and animal is, after all, arbitrary and depends on the way an organism feeds itself: the former photosynthesizes and the latter eats other living beings. Finally, the only other bi...
(展开)
========== #24-25 they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water, ========== #26-26 If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out. ========== #28-31 without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inl...
2020-07-16 16:41:01
========== #24-25
they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water,
========== #26-26
If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out.
========== #28-31
without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inland. When it rains in a forest near the coast, much of the rain remains on the leaves of trees and the forest floor. This water then evaporates, forming new clouds that make their way further inland, where they rain down.
========== #31-32
In addition to hydrating the inner reaches of continents, trees also clean the air of carbon dioxide, thereby protecting the climate.
========== #47-48
By dropping their leaves in the fall, trees give back nutrients to the ground, nutrients that are then used by forest-dwellers. Among these nutrients are also all sorts of material that the tree has no more use for. When a tree loses its leaves, it’s basically using the toilet.
========== #54-56
And each type of tree also prefers a different location. Of course, these preferences are mostly based on whether the tree will get the right amount of light and water, be protected from the wind and situated in the right type of soil.
========== #73-74
Trees learn from experience. They have to make a lot of decisions throughout their lives.
========== #75-76
Not only do trees make their own decisions; they also learn from their mistakes.
========== #77-78
Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.
========== #78-79
trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other.
========== #87-89
Electric pulses can only spread very slowly within a tree itself. If, for example, a caterpillar starts munching on a leaf, the leaf’s fibers send out electric signals; these signals travel along the fibers at a rip-roaring pace of one centimeter per minute.
========== #102-106
How was this possible? After all, the stump didn’t have its own leaves to do its own photosynthesis. Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years! There’s no way for this stump to heal, but for trees which are only badly hurt, this system can save lives. Why do trees do such a thing? It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks. So they help each other out.
========== #110-114
the fungus helps the tree absorb more water. Sometimes the ground is rather dry, and the tree can’t get enough water with its roots alone. The filaments of the fungus are much finer, allowing them to permeate more ground, drawing water and nutrients and passing them on to “their” tree. In return, the fungi get sugar – produced through photosynthesis – from the tree. It’s a good trade: trees that work with fungi store twice as much nitrogen and phosphorus – both important for life – than those without fungal friends.
========== #115-117
the quantity of nitrogen in the ground sinks below a certain point, certain fungi can produce a poison that kills off all the microorganisms in the surrounding topsoil. These animals die and release the nitrogen that they stored in their bodies, so that it is available for the fungi and the tree.
========== #139-139
Younger trees actually grow slower than older ones.
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not...
2020-05-27 07:07:45
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not only penetrates and envelops the tree's roots, but also it allows its web to roam through the surounding floor. In so doing, it extends the reach of the tree's own roots as the web grows out toward other trees. Here, it connects with other trees's fungal partners and roots. And so a network is created, and now it's easy for the trees to exchange vital nutrients and even information-such as impending insect attack. 引自第51页
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43 A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43 The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually parti...
2020-05-27 04:48:42
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43
A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43
The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually particularly abundant. These trees don't know the meaning of restraint and are lavish in their water use, and it is usually the largest and most vigorous trees that pay the price for this behavior. p. 44
If the ground has dried out and the needles high in the crown are still demanding water, at some point, the tension in the drying wood simply becomes too much for the tree to bear. It crackles and pops, and a tear about 3 feet long opens in its bark. This tear penetrates deep into the tissue and severely injures the tree. Fungal spores immediately take advantage of the tear to invade the innermost parts of the tree, where they begin their destructive work. p.44
Trees are not known for their speed, and so it takes three to ten years before they stand firm once again after such disruptions. p.46
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a th...
2018-10-27 16:04:25
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a third of an inch wide. Cambium tastes like slightly resinous carrots, and it's very nutritious. 引自 the coveted prize is the cambium
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a th...
2018-10-27 16:04:25
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a third of an inch wide. Cambium tastes like slightly resinous carrots, and it's very nutritious. 引自 the coveted prize is the cambium
========== #24-25 they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water, ========== #26-26 If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out. ========== #28-31 without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inl...
2020-07-16 16:41:01
========== #24-25
they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water,
========== #26-26
If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out.
========== #28-31
without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inland. When it rains in a forest near the coast, much of the rain remains on the leaves of trees and the forest floor. This water then evaporates, forming new clouds that make their way further inland, where they rain down.
========== #31-32
In addition to hydrating the inner reaches of continents, trees also clean the air of carbon dioxide, thereby protecting the climate.
========== #47-48
By dropping their leaves in the fall, trees give back nutrients to the ground, nutrients that are then used by forest-dwellers. Among these nutrients are also all sorts of material that the tree has no more use for. When a tree loses its leaves, it’s basically using the toilet.
========== #54-56
And each type of tree also prefers a different location. Of course, these preferences are mostly based on whether the tree will get the right amount of light and water, be protected from the wind and situated in the right type of soil.
========== #73-74
Trees learn from experience. They have to make a lot of decisions throughout their lives.
========== #75-76
Not only do trees make their own decisions; they also learn from their mistakes.
========== #77-78
Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.
========== #78-79
trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other.
========== #87-89
Electric pulses can only spread very slowly within a tree itself. If, for example, a caterpillar starts munching on a leaf, the leaf’s fibers send out electric signals; these signals travel along the fibers at a rip-roaring pace of one centimeter per minute.
========== #102-106
How was this possible? After all, the stump didn’t have its own leaves to do its own photosynthesis. Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years! There’s no way for this stump to heal, but for trees which are only badly hurt, this system can save lives. Why do trees do such a thing? It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks. So they help each other out.
========== #110-114
the fungus helps the tree absorb more water. Sometimes the ground is rather dry, and the tree can’t get enough water with its roots alone. The filaments of the fungus are much finer, allowing them to permeate more ground, drawing water and nutrients and passing them on to “their” tree. In return, the fungi get sugar – produced through photosynthesis – from the tree. It’s a good trade: trees that work with fungi store twice as much nitrogen and phosphorus – both important for life – than those without fungal friends.
========== #115-117
the quantity of nitrogen in the ground sinks below a certain point, certain fungi can produce a poison that kills off all the microorganisms in the surrounding topsoil. These animals die and release the nitrogen that they stored in their bodies, so that it is available for the fungi and the tree.
========== #139-139
Younger trees actually grow slower than older ones.
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not...
2020-05-27 07:07:45
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not only penetrates and envelops the tree's roots, but also it allows its web to roam through the surounding floor. In so doing, it extends the reach of the tree's own roots as the web grows out toward other trees. Here, it connects with other trees's fungal partners and roots. And so a network is created, and now it's easy for the trees to exchange vital nutrients and even information-such as impending insect attack. 引自第51页
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43 A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43 The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually parti...
2020-05-27 04:48:42
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43
A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43
The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually particularly abundant. These trees don't know the meaning of restraint and are lavish in their water use, and it is usually the largest and most vigorous trees that pay the price for this behavior. p. 44
If the ground has dried out and the needles high in the crown are still demanding water, at some point, the tension in the drying wood simply becomes too much for the tree to bear. It crackles and pops, and a tear about 3 feet long opens in its bark. This tear penetrates deep into the tissue and severely injures the tree. Fungal spores immediately take advantage of the tear to invade the innermost parts of the tree, where they begin their destructive work. p.44
Trees are not known for their speed, and so it takes three to ten years before they stand firm once again after such disruptions. p.46
========== #24-25 they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water, ========== #26-26 If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out. ========== #28-31 without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inl...
2020-07-16 16:41:01
========== #24-25
they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water,
========== #26-26
If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out.
========== #28-31
without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inland. When it rains in a forest near the coast, much of the rain remains on the leaves of trees and the forest floor. This water then evaporates, forming new clouds that make their way further inland, where they rain down.
========== #31-32
In addition to hydrating the inner reaches of continents, trees also clean the air of carbon dioxide, thereby protecting the climate.
========== #47-48
By dropping their leaves in the fall, trees give back nutrients to the ground, nutrients that are then used by forest-dwellers. Among these nutrients are also all sorts of material that the tree has no more use for. When a tree loses its leaves, it’s basically using the toilet.
========== #54-56
And each type of tree also prefers a different location. Of course, these preferences are mostly based on whether the tree will get the right amount of light and water, be protected from the wind and situated in the right type of soil.
========== #73-74
Trees learn from experience. They have to make a lot of decisions throughout their lives.
========== #75-76
Not only do trees make their own decisions; they also learn from their mistakes.
========== #77-78
Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.
========== #78-79
trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other.
========== #87-89
Electric pulses can only spread very slowly within a tree itself. If, for example, a caterpillar starts munching on a leaf, the leaf’s fibers send out electric signals; these signals travel along the fibers at a rip-roaring pace of one centimeter per minute.
========== #102-106
How was this possible? After all, the stump didn’t have its own leaves to do its own photosynthesis. Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years! There’s no way for this stump to heal, but for trees which are only badly hurt, this system can save lives. Why do trees do such a thing? It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks. So they help each other out.
========== #110-114
the fungus helps the tree absorb more water. Sometimes the ground is rather dry, and the tree can’t get enough water with its roots alone. The filaments of the fungus are much finer, allowing them to permeate more ground, drawing water and nutrients and passing them on to “their” tree. In return, the fungi get sugar – produced through photosynthesis – from the tree. It’s a good trade: trees that work with fungi store twice as much nitrogen and phosphorus – both important for life – than those without fungal friends.
========== #115-117
the quantity of nitrogen in the ground sinks below a certain point, certain fungi can produce a poison that kills off all the microorganisms in the surrounding topsoil. These animals die and release the nitrogen that they stored in their bodies, so that it is available for the fungi and the tree.
========== #139-139
Younger trees actually grow slower than older ones.
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not...
2020-05-27 07:07:45
To enter into a partnership with one of the many thousands of kinds of fungi, a tree must be very open-literally-because the fungal threads grow into its soft root hairs. There's no research into whether this is painful or not, but as it is something the tree wants, I imagine it gives rise to positive feelings. However the tree feels, from then on, the two partners work together. The fungus not only penetrates and envelops the tree's roots, but also it allows its web to roam through the surounding floor. In so doing, it extends the reach of the tree's own roots as the web grows out toward other trees. Here, it connects with other trees's fungal partners and roots. And so a network is created, and now it's easy for the trees to exchange vital nutrients and even information-such as impending insect attack. 引自第51页
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43 A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43 The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually parti...
2020-05-27 04:48:42
Thirst is hadder for trees to endure than hunger, because they can satisfy their hunger whenever they want. p. 43
A mature beech tree can send more than 130 gallons of water a day coursing through its branches and leaves, and this is what it does as long as it can draw enough water up form below. p. 43
The most severely affected trees are those that grow in soils where moisture is usually particularly abundant. These trees don't know the meaning of restraint and are lavish in their water use, and it is usually the largest and most vigorous trees that pay the price for this behavior. p. 44
If the ground has dried out and the needles high in the crown are still demanding water, at some point, the tension in the drying wood simply becomes too much for the tree to bear. It crackles and pops, and a tear about 3 feet long opens in its bark. This tear penetrates deep into the tissue and severely injures the tree. Fungal spores immediately take advantage of the tear to invade the innermost parts of the tree, where they begin their destructive work. p.44
Trees are not known for their speed, and so it takes three to ten years before they stand firm once again after such disruptions. p.46
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a th...
2018-10-27 16:04:25
the actively growing layer between the bark and the wood. This is where the trunk grows as wood cells form on the inside and bark cells form on the outside. The cambium is succulent and stuffed full of sugar and mineral. In case of emergency, people can also eat it. You can try this out for yourself in the spring.... run the blade flat along the exposed trunk and peel off long strips about a third of an inch wide. Cambium tastes like slightly resinous carrots, and it's very nutritious. 引自 the coveted prize is the cambium
小狗叫
簋儿
译林出版社2018版
念念不忘
译林出版社2018版
阿麻瓜
译林出版社2018版
醋泡白豆
译林出版社2018版
========== #24-25 they clean the air we breathe and help ensure the availability of water, ========== #26-26 If there were no trees, large swathes of the earth would dry out. ========== #28-31 without trees, every cloud would rain down within 600 kilometers of the coast, leaving the inner parts of continents bone dry. Trees essentially act as gigantic water pumps, transporting water further inl...
16 有用 涵哥吉祥🌈 2018-10-30 10:31:19
拟人化为什么会导向有神论？那你让狮子王怎么办？作者在他今年的新书里讲了为什么会用这种轻松笔调宿著，我深以为然，如果嫌弃不够严谨和没有数据支持作者其实还是有非常多的生物学和生命学论文可以看的。相比较来说读一些浅白的科普，我也更喜欢扎扎实实的啃论文和文献（虽然不但看不太懂而且也看不完），但是好的科普会让人突然充满感情和热情去想要投入到一门新的学科里，不是也很棒吗，而且这份热情甚至困惑和质疑不会也支持读... 拟人化为什么会导向有神论？那你让狮子王怎么办？作者在他今年的新书里讲了为什么会用这种轻松笔调宿著，我深以为然，如果嫌弃不够严谨和没有数据支持作者其实还是有非常多的生物学和生命学论文可以看的。相比较来说读一些浅白的科普，我也更喜欢扎扎实实的啃论文和文献（虽然不但看不太懂而且也看不完），但是好的科普会让人突然充满感情和热情去想要投入到一门新的学科里，不是也很棒吗，而且这份热情甚至困惑和质疑不会也支持读者去想要继续学到更多的相关知识吗？推荐友邻们都去看 (展开)
1 有用 qqc1024 2019-01-30 11:30:29
The wisdom of trees are just remarkable.
0 有用 Young_To 2022-01-23 07:22:11
本就很喜欢树 读了这本书之后更是觉得树是世界上最温暖的生物 虽然知道自己有将其浪漫化的倾向 但那种无言与共生实在是太动人了 阅读中经常一边阅读一边去查那些提到的树 发现自己原来把好多杉树错认成了松树 同时还认识了以前不知道的树 很温暖的阅读体验
2 有用 #vivida# 2019-09-30 07:31:25
从此看待森林中树木和城市行道树的眼光再也不同。
0 有用 椒盐鸵鸟 2022-05-18 14:00:17
零散听来确实了解了不少之前不知道的树的知识，不过整体觉得还是有点零散
0 有用 椒盐鸵鸟 2022-05-18 14:00:17
零散听来确实了解了不少之前不知道的树的知识，不过整体觉得还是有点零散
0 有用 land 2022-02-16 03:55:07
前半部很inspiring
0 有用 Young_To 2022-01-23 07:22:11
本就很喜欢树 读了这本书之后更是觉得树是世界上最温暖的生物 虽然知道自己有将其浪漫化的倾向 但那种无言与共生实在是太动人了 阅读中经常一边阅读一边去查那些提到的树 发现自己原来把好多杉树错认成了松树 同时还认识了以前不知道的树 很温暖的阅读体验
0 有用 程少 2021-12-03 21:35:19
树和人一样，有情感、懂教育、会沟通。如果能像作者看树的眼光去看待身边一切事物，那这个人一定很幸福
0 有用 Cecilia 2021-11-15 09:32:21
不喜欢，讲故事多过科普