in the early fourteenth century, the average Cairene might consume a modest 1,154 calories per day, including 45.6 grams of protein and 20 grams of fat, but by the mid-fifteenth century was able to dispose of 1,930 calories, including 82 grams of protein and 45 grams of fat. (查看原文)
new ways to grow.
For thousands of years, civilization did not lend itselfBniahionterss
to peaceful equalization Across a wide range of societiesand different levels of development, stability favoredeconomic inequality. This was as true of Pharaonic Egyptas it was of Victorian England, as true of the RomanEmpire as of the United States. Violent shocks were ofparamount importance in disrupting the establishedorder, in compressing the distribution of income andwealth, in narrowing the gap between rich and poorThroughout recorded history, the most powerful levelinginvariably resulted from the most powerful shocks. Fousdifferent kinds of violent ruptures have flattenedinequality: mass mobilization warfare, transformativerevolution, state failure, and lethal pandemics. I callthese the Four Hors... (查看原文)
作者: 沃特.席代爾 副标题: 戰爭、革命、崩潰與瘟疫,暴力與不平等的人類大歷史 原作名: The Great Leveler:Violence and the History of Inequality from the Stone Age to the Twenty-First Century isbn: 9570866624 书名: 平等的暴政 译者:堯嘉寧 出版社: 聯經出版公司 出版年: 2023-1 装帧: 平装