As computation continues to move into the cloud, the computing platform of interest no longer resembles a pizza box or a refrigerator, but a warehouse full of computers. These new large datacenters are quite different from traditional hosting facilities of earlier times and cannot be viewed simply as a collection of co-located servers. Large portions of the hardware and softwar...
As computation continues to move into the cloud, the computing platform of interest no longer resembles a pizza box or a refrigerator, but a warehouse full of computers. These new large datacenters are quite different from traditional hosting facilities of earlier times and cannot be viewed simply as a collection of co-located servers. Large portions of the hardware and software resources in these facilities must work in concert to efficiently deliver good levels of Internet service performance, something that can only be achieved by a holistic approach to their design and deployment. In other words, we must treat the datacenter itself as one massive warehouse-scale computer (WSe. We describe the architecture of WSCs, the main factors influencing their design, operation, and cost structure, and the characteristics of their software base. We hope it will be useful to architects and programmers of today's WSCs, as well as those of future many-core platforms which may one day implement the equivalent of today's WSCs on a single board. Table of Contents: Introduction / Workloads and Software Infrastructure / Hardware Building Blocks / Datacenter Basics / Energy and Power Efficiency / Modeling Costs / Dealing with Failures and Repairs / Closing Remarks
WSCs currently power the services offered by companies such as Google, Amazon, Yahoo, and Microsoft's online services division. They differ significantly from traditional datacenters: they belong to a single organization, use a relatively homogeneous hardware and system software platform, and share a common systems management layer. Often much of the application, middleware, and system software is built in-house compared to the predominance of third-party software running in conventional datacenters. Most importantly, WSCs run a smaller number of very large applications (or Internet services), and the common resource management infrastructure allows significant deployment flexibility. The requirements of homogeneity, single-organization control, and enhanced focus on cost efficiency motiva... (查看原文)
For traditional servers the cost of failures is thought to be very high, and thus designers go to great lengths to provide more reliable hardware by adding redundant power supplies, fans, error correction coding (ECC), RAID disks, and so on. Many legacy enterprise applications were not designed to survive frequent hardware faults, and it is hard to make them fault-tolerant after the fact. Under these circumstances, making the hardware very reliable becomes a justifiable alternative.
In warehouse-scale computers (WSCs), however, hardware cannot easily be made “reliable enough” as a result of the scale. (查看原文)
Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture(共43册)，
这套丛书还有
《Processor Microarchitecture》《Architectural and Operating System Support for Virtual Memory (Synthesis Lectures on Computer Architecture)》《FPGA-Accelerated Simulation of Computer Systems》《Parallel Processing, 1980 to 2020》《Automatic Parallelization》
等
。
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1 有用 [已软注销] 2013-06-24 10:55:18
介绍了另一个编程的世界。对普通程序员来说貌似没用
1 有用 绿袜子 2014-03-08 08:19:12
Computer Science 61C Machine Structures... 云端应用背后的仓储式数据中心...
0 有用 BohuTANG 2012-05-11 08:55:39
g-1推荐 讲究 各种公式计算
0 有用 IMCT 2013-01-11 10:49:41
A good introductory text on the analysis, design and operation of datacenters.
0 有用 C55x 2012-01-30 01:38:19
来自工业界的一手材料，纠正了许多误区。