China is a vast nation comprised of hundreds of distinct ethnic communities, each with its own language, history, and culture. Today the government of China recognizes just 56 ethnic nationalities, or minzu, as groups entitled to representation. This controversial new book recounts the history of the most sweeping attempt to sort and categorize the nation's enormous population:...
China is a vast nation comprised of hundreds of distinct ethnic communities, each with its own language, history, and culture. Today the government of China recognizes just 56 ethnic nationalities, or minzu, as groups entitled to representation. This controversial new book recounts the history of the most sweeping attempt to sort and categorize the nation's enormous population: the 1954 Ethnic Classification project (minzu shibie). Thomas S. Mullaney draws on recently declassified material and extensive oral histories to describe how the communist government, in power less than a decade, launched this process in ethnically diverse Yunnan. Mullaney shows how the government drew on Republican-era scholarship for conceptual and methodological inspiration as it developed a strategy for identifying minzu and how non-Party-member Chinese ethnologists produced a "scientific" survey that would become the basis for a policy on nationalities.
Thomas S. Mullaney，斯坦福大学历史系现代中国史助理教授，在哥伦比亚大学获得博士学位。他的处女作Coming to Terms with the Nation：Ethnic Classification in Modern China探讨了中国社会科学家 和新中国政府决定哪些少数民族群体将得到认定的过程，以及这一认定如何改变了现代中国的民族-国家格局。他还主编了Critical Han Studies：Understanding the Largest Ethnic Group on Earth（加利福尼亚大学出版社即将出版），集结了一些关于中国主体民族的开创性研究。最近他致力于研究19世纪和20世纪中国特殊的信息基础设施的全球发展史，重点研究了电报码、打字、汉字检索系统、速记、盲文、计算机技术和其它现代语言系统在中国的发展。
目录
· · · · · ·
List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Identity Crisis in Postimperial China
· · · · · ·
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List of Illustrations
List of Tables
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Identity Crisis in Postimperial China
2. Ethnicity as Language
3. Plausible Communities
4. The Consent of the Categorized
5. Counting to Fifty-Six
Conclusion: A History of the Future
Appendix A: Ethnotaxonomy of Yunnan, 1951, According to the Yunnan Nationalities Affairs Commission
Appendix B: Ethnotaxonomy of Yunnan, 1953, According to the Yunnan Nationalities Affairs Commission
Appendix C: Minzu Entries, 1953--1954 Census, by Population
Appendix D: Classification Squads, Phases One and Two
Appendix E: Population Sizes of Groups Researched during Phase One and Phase Two
Notes
Character Glossary
Bibliography
Index
· · · · · · (收起)
The anthropologists among them, caught up in the currents of the time, nonetheless saw it among their tasks to understand these minorities. That Yunnan should have been a favorite site for study is understandable in this context. Tibet was too cold and too difficult to reach and breathe in, and Xinjiang was too Muslim and too arid. Yunnan was fabulously beautiful, had a perfect climate, and best of all for the romanticism of early anthropology, was a sort of Eden, full of sensuous, bare-breasted, innocent women who were a special attraction for puritan Confucian Han. (查看原文)
With these considerations in mind(i.e. the emergence of the “unified multinational” People's Republic is understandable only when we take into account the radical changes in the very meaning of term minzu and the new regime's distinct approach to the "national question"), then, the goal of this book is to move toward a deeper understanding of how the People's Republic came to tbe composed of fifty-six minzu by examining the history of ethnotaxonomic discourse and practice in the modern perild. In other words, the present study will produce what Jane Caplan and John Torpey have described in a Western context as "history of identification rather than of identities". The centerpiece of this study is China's "Ethnic Classification Project" or minzu shibie, a collective term for a series of Com... (查看原文)
Coming to Terms with the Nation: Ethnic Classification in Modern China Thomas S. Mullaney 1953年第一次人口调查中通过自我认同（self-identification/ self-categorization）中的400多个民族如何演变为1954年之后的56个民族？统一的多民族国家的理念是如何构建与变迁的？...
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5 有用 Alan 2019-04-08 02:52:42
集中考察54年在云南的民族识别工作。要点：（1）方法的延续性：民国时期的民族学者大体继承了英帝国殖民民族学者Davies基于历史语言学来区辨民族的方法，并延续到49年后的工作中；（2）多重决定/协商性：民族学家们提出"ehtnic potential"来与斯大林的经典模式（强调四大标准、历史发展阶段）调和；在云南的工作中，在调查证据的基础上对民族上层精英进行政治说服工作以明确、整合民族认同；（3）... 集中考察54年在云南的民族识别工作。要点：（1）方法的延续性：民国时期的民族学者大体继承了英帝国殖民民族学者Davies基于历史语言学来区辨民族的方法，并延续到49年后的工作中；（2）多重决定/协商性：民族学家们提出"ehtnic potential"来与斯大林的经典模式（强调四大标准、历史发展阶段）调和；在云南的工作中，在调查证据的基础上对民族上层精英进行政治说服工作以明确、整合民族认同；（3）国家政治/治理性：提倡“自决”还是不能绕过国家的categorization，49年后开放登记一切“自称”民族的结果是人大代表制度无法容纳的；国家和民众对于“民族”本就有不同认知，为了使民族成为政治代表身份，国家需要构造出框架进行整合。 (展开)
1 有用 乌谱 2024-10-15 23:55:02 中国香港
好玩，不是陈词滥调（
4 有用 Gobbledygook 2017-03-26 23:12:57
博论。利用最新解密的档案资料和一位参与者的访谈，理顺了一次复杂的云南民族识别工作的线索。大致以时间顺序展开，顾及的问题意识所在层次较为全面，每一章末尾都有简单的机制分析，但最终的落脚却略感飘忽。直觉此书在历史学或民族学之外，具有丰富理论挖掘潜力：例如政治与学术研究的话语共生与角力（以及所产生的这一种semi-descriptive, semi-prescriptive的工作），或者对于“归类”作为... 博论。利用最新解密的档案资料和一位参与者的访谈，理顺了一次复杂的云南民族识别工作的线索。大致以时间顺序展开，顾及的问题意识所在层次较为全面，每一章末尾都有简单的机制分析，但最终的落脚却略感飘忽。直觉此书在历史学或民族学之外，具有丰富理论挖掘潜力：例如政治与学术研究的话语共生与角力（以及所产生的这一种semi-descriptive, semi-prescriptive的工作），或者对于“归类”作为一种统治模式的研究（“过程性的”、“自证预言的”归类）。 (展开)
24 有用 CG陶菲克 2017-05-24 22:43:31
曾小萍的学生在斯坦福的博士论文，主要内容是对53-54年云南民族识别的考察。作者指出主导民族识别的是民族学家，民族识别的主要理论依据不是斯大林的理论，而是亨利·戴维斯的模型和民国时期的民族学。让我印象很深刻的是，作者叙述民族学家警告国民政府日本宣传的威胁时居然引用了Selçuk Esenbel关于日本-伊斯兰世界关系的研究——即使是小到不能再小的、与主题关系不大的内容，也不能随便写，也要看了权威研... 曾小萍的学生在斯坦福的博士论文，主要内容是对53-54年云南民族识别的考察。作者指出主导民族识别的是民族学家，民族识别的主要理论依据不是斯大林的理论，而是亨利·戴维斯的模型和民国时期的民族学。让我印象很深刻的是，作者叙述民族学家警告国民政府日本宣传的威胁时居然引用了Selçuk Esenbel关于日本-伊斯兰世界关系的研究——即使是小到不能再小的、与主题关系不大的内容，也不能随便写，也要看了权威研究后再讲话，这就是优秀学者的精神啊。 (展开)
3 有用 XFC 2013-01-06 01:36:30
民族识别的虚妄已经是老调重弹了，作者在对历史的回顾中重点谈了学者在识别过程中所使用的框架，方法，对“政治”与“事实”的调和。中规中矩的一本。