Specifically, when we decide whether an adjective is self-descriptive, we rely on self-perceptions that are summaries of our personality traits rather than considering various episodes in our lives. In contrast, when making judgments of other individuals, we often focus on specific instances in which the person might have exhibited behaviors associated with the adjective. (查看原文)
Judgments about the self are somewhat unique because, although the richest possible database is available, this process is often inaccurate. A wide range of behavioral studies have shown that people often have unrealistically positive self-perceptions.
We often view ourselves through rose-colored glasses. Regions within the frontal cortex may work together to permit a focus on positive aspects of the self without deviating too far from reality. (查看原文)
Evolutionary pressures have calibrated our accuracy to the level that is high enough to allow us to deal well with others, but not so high that we weigh everyone else's interest equal to our own, thus putting our generic future at risk Empathic accuracy refers to a perceiver's accuracy in inferring a target person's thoughts and feelings. Total strangers achieve an empathic accuracy score of about 20%, but among close friends it is about 30% of the time; between spouses, empathic accuracy is 30-35%. (查看原文)
作者: Michael S. Gazzaniga, Richard B. Ivry, George R. Mangun, 迈克尔·加扎尼加 isbn: 7501978565 页数: 618 定价: 180.00元 出品方: 万千心理 装帧: 平装 出版年: 2011-2 原作名: Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind 书名: 认知神经科学 译者:周晓林, 高定国 副标题: 关于心智的生物学 出版社: 中国轻工业出版社
