all

"The kind of conceptual system we have is a product of the kind of beings we are and the way we interact with our physical and cultural environments."
linguistic forms - spatialization metaphors -> content
作者似乎认为metaphorical concepts -> reality，但是不同的culture也会引起不同的文化 (145)
"Since much of our social reality is understood in metaphorical terms, and since our conception of the physical world is partly metaphorical, metaphor plays a very significant role in determining what is real for us." (146)
conventional metaphors that are part of our conceptual system -> many similarities we have in terms of the categories of our conceptual system and in terms of the natural kinds of experiences we have (147)
先有鸡还是先有蛋的问题：the only kind of similarities relevant to metaphors are experiential, not objective, similarities (154)
structual similarity based on the correlations we feel in life; structual similarity -> metaphorical similarity
"We draw inferences, set goals, make commitments, and execute plans, all on the basis of how we in part structure our experience, consciously and unconsciously, by means of metaphor." （158）
about truth: we believe that the idea that there is absolute objective truth is not only mistaken but socially and politically dangerous. As we have seem, truth is always relative to a conceptual system that is defined in large part by metaphor. （relatively...）
-> Since we see truth as based on understanding and see metaphor as a principal vehicle of understanding, we think that an account of how metaphors can be true will reveal the way in which truth depends upon understanding. (159)
本体隐喻 -> projection!!
"Instead, it is a matter of human projection and human judgment, relative to certain purposes." (167) 
关于life is a tale的nonconventional metaphor - highlights our expectation that we can fit our lives into some coherent life story but we r constantly frustrated... the significance of this metaphor - another understanding of life （不只是一本学术书啊……
truth is based on understanding - is because we understand *situations* in terms of our conceptual system that we can understand *statements* using that system of concepts as being true, that is, as fitting or not fitting the situation as we understand it. (179)
Truth is therefore a function of our conceptual system. It is because many of our concepts are metaphorical in nature, and because we understand situations in terms of those concepts, that metaphors can be true or false. (179) metaphors -> conceptual system -> truth
Metaphors are basically devices for understanding and have little to do with objective reality, if there is such a thing. The fact that our conceptual system is inherently metaphorical, the fact that we understand the world, think, and function in metaphorical terms, and the metaphors cannot merely be understood but can be meaningful and true as well - these facts all suggest that an adequate account of meaning and truth can only be based on understanding. (184)
The reason we have focused so much on metaphor is that it unites reason and imagination. (193)
An experientialist approach also allows us to bridge the gap between the objectivist and subjsctivist myths about impartiality and the possibility of being fair and objective... it means only that truth is relative to our conceptual system, which is grounded in, and constantly tested by, our experiences and those of other members of our culture in our daily interaction with other people and with our physical and cultural environments. (193)
（229) 对于科学的态度偷换概念了（认为没有universal truth的原因 > relative to culture, based on understadning, 但是科学并没有这种差别）
We see a single human motivation behind the myths of both objectivism and subjectivism, namely, a concern for *understanding*. (229)