Chapter 1 Concepts and Tools1
Windows Operating System Versions1
Foundation Concepts and Terms2
Windows API2
Services, Functions, and Routines4
Processes, Threads, and Jobs5
Virtual Memory15
Kernel Mode vs. User Mode17
Terminal Services and Multiple Sessions20
Objects and Handles21
Security22
Registry23
Unicode24
Digging into Windows Internals24
Performance Monitor25
Kernel Debugging26
Windows Software Development Kit31
Windows Driver Kit31
Sysinternals Tools32
Conclusion32
Chapter 2 System Architecture33
Requirements and Design Goals33
Operating System Model34
Architecture Overview35
Portability37
Symmetric Multiprocessing38
Scalability40
Differences Between Client and Server Versions41
Checked Build45
Key System Components46
Environment Subsystems and Subsystem DLLs48
Ntdll.dll53
Executive54
Kernel57
Hardware Abstraction Layer60
Device Drivers63
System Processes68
Conclusion78
Chapter 3 System Mechanisms79
Trap Dispatching79
Interrupt Dispatching81
Timer Processing112
Exception Dispatching123
System Service Dispatching132
Object Manager140
Executive Objects143
Object Structure145
Synchronization176
High-IRQL Synchronization178
Low-IRQL Synchronization183
System Worker Threads205
Windows Global Flags207
Advanced Local Procedure Call209
Connection Model210
Message Model211
Asynchronous Operation213
Views, Regions, and Sections214
Attributes215
Blobs, Handles, and Resources215
Security216
Performance217
Debugging and Tracing218
Kernel Event Tracing220
Wow64224
Wow64 Process Address Space Layout224
System Calls225
Exception Dispatching225
User APC Dispatching225
Console Support225
User Callbacks226
File System Redirection226
Registry Redirection227
I/O Control Requests227
16-Bit Installer Applications228
Printing228
Restrictions228
User-Mode Debugging229
Kernel Support229
Native Support230
Windows Subsystem Support232
Image Loader232
Early Process Initialization234
DLL Name Resolution and Redirection235
Loaded Module Database238
Import Parsing242
Post-Import Process Initialization243
SwitchBack244
API Sets245
Hypervisor (Hyper-V)248
Partitions249
Parent Partition249
Child Partitions251
Hardware Emulation and Support254
Kernel Transaction Manager268
Hotpatch Support270
Kernel Patch Protection272
Code Integrity274
Conclusion276
Chapter 4Management Mechanisms277
The Registry277
Viewing and Changing the Registry277
Registry Usage278
Registry Data Types279
Registry Logical Structure280
Transactional Registry (TxR)287
Monitoring Registry Activity289
Process Monitor Internals289
Registry Internals293
Services305
Service Applications305
The Service Control Manager321
Service Startup323
Startup Errors327
Accepting the Boot and Last Known Good328
Service Failures330
Service Shutdown331
Shared Service Processes332
Service Tags335
Unified Background Process Manager336
Initialization337
UBPM API338
Provider Registration338
Consumer Registration339
Task Host341
Service Control Programs341
Windows Management Instrumentation342
Providers344
The Common Information Model and the Managed Object Format Language345
Class Association349
WMI Implementation351
WMI Security353
Windows Diagnostic Infrastructure354
WDI Instrumentation354
Diagnostic Policy Service354
Diagnostic Functionality356
Conclusion357
Chapter 5Processes, Threads, and Jobs359
Process Internals359
Data Structures359
Protected Processes368
Flow of CreateProcess369
Stage 1: Converting and Validating Parameters and Flags371
Stage 2: Opening the Image to Be Executed373
Stage 3: Creating the Windows Executive Process Object (PspAllocateProcess)376
Stage 4: Creating the Initial Thread and Its Stack and Context381
Stage 5: Performing Windows Subsystem–Specific Post-Initialization383
Stage 6: Starting Execution of the Initial Thread385
Stage 7: Performing Process Initialization in the Context of the New Process386
Thread Internals391
Data Structures391
Birth of a Thread398
Examining Thread Activity398
Limitations on Protected Process Threads401
Worker Factories (Thread Pools)403
Thread Scheduling408
Overview of Windows Scheduling408
Priority Levels410
Thread States416
Dispatcher Database421
Quantum422
Priority Boosts430
Context Switching448
Scheduling Scenarios449
Idle Threads453
Thread Selection456
Multiprocessor Systems458
Thread Selection on Multiprocessor Systems467
Processor Selection468
Processor Share-Based Scheduling470
Distributed Fair Share Scheduling471
CPU Rate Limits478
Dynamic Processor Addition and Replacement479
Job Objects480
Job Limits481
Job Sets482
Conclusion485
Chapter 6Security487
Security Ratings487
Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria487
The Common Criteria489
Security System Components490
Protecting Objects494
Access Checks495
Security Identifiers497
Virtual Service Accounts518
Security Descriptors and Access Control522
The AuthZ API536
Account Rights and Privileges538
Account Rights540
Privileges540
Super Privileges546
Access Tokens of Processes and Threads547
Security Auditing548
Object Access Auditing549
Global Audit Policy552
Advanced Audit Policy Settings554
Logon555
Winlogon Initialization556
User Logon Steps558
Assured Authentication562
Biometric Framework for User Authentication563
User Account Control and Virtualization566
File System and Registry Virtualization566
Elevation573
Application Identi cation (AppID)581
AppLocker583
Software Restriction Policies589
Conclusion590
Chapter 7Networking591
Windows Networking Architecture591
The OSI Reference Model592
Windows Networking Components594
Networking APIs597
Windows Sockets597
Winsock Kernel603
Remote Procedure Call605
Web Access APIs610
Named Pipes and Mailslots612
NetBIOS618
Other Networking APIs620
Multiple Redirector Support627
Multiple Provider Router627
Multiple UNC Provider630
Surrogate Providers632
Redirector633
Mini-Redirectors634
Server Message Block and Sub-Redirectors635
Distributed File System Namespace637
Distributed File System Replication638
Offline Files639
Caching Modes641
Ghosts643
Data Security643
Cache Structure643
BranchCache645
Caching Modes647
BranchCache Optimized Application Retrieval:SMB Sequence651
BranchCache Optimized Application Retrieval:HTTP Sequence653
Name Resolution655
Domain Name System655
Peer Name Resolution Protocol656
Location and Topology658
Network Location Awareness658
Network Connectivity Status Indicator659
Link-Layer Topology Discovery662
Protocol Drivers663
Windows Filtering Platform666
NDIS Drivers672
Variations on the NDIS Miniport677
Connection-Oriented NDIS677
Remote NDIS680
QoS682
Binding684
Layered Network Services685
Remote Access685
Active Directory686
Network Load Balancing688
Network Access Protection689
Direct Access695
Conclusion696
Index697
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