作者:
Mustafa Aksakal 出版社: Cambridge University Press 副标题: The Ottoman Empire and the First World War 出版年: 2008-12-29 页数: 216 定价: USD 129.99 装帧: Hardcover ISBN: 9780521880602
Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed, did the Ottomans enter the war because War Minister Enver Pasha, dictating Ottoman decisions, was in thra...
Why did the Ottoman Empire enter the First World War in late October 1914, months after the war's devastations had become clear? Were its leaders 'simple-minded,' 'below-average' individuals, as the doyen of Turkish diplomatic history has argued? Or, as others have claimed, did the Ottomans enter the war because War Minister Enver Pasha, dictating Ottoman decisions, was in thrall to the Germans and to his own expansionist dreams? Based on previously untapped Ottoman and European sources, Mustafa Aksakal's dramatic study challenges this consensus. It demonstrates that responsibility went far beyond Enver, that the road to war was paved by the demands of a politically interested public, and that the Ottoman leadership sought the German alliance as the only way out of a web of international threats and domestic insecurities, opting for an escape whose catastrophic consequences for the empire and seismic impact on the Middle East are felt even today.
原文摘录
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Each of the European governments published massive archival collections to document its innocence in the origins of the war. These publications were so voluminous indeed that they prompted one historian to speak of “the world war of the documents.” (查看原文)
By 1914, Enver Pasha, like the majority of the Ottoman elite, perceived the interests of the international system to oppose the continued existence of the Ottoman Empire. And, to the Ottomans, fighting back appeared possible only within the context of an alliance with the German Empire. (查看原文)
4 有用 CG陶菲克 2018-07-27 23:13:54
四星半，药丸学重要著作。作者以奥斯曼和德国档案为基础分析奥斯曼参与一战的过程。作者认为在巴尔干战争惨败后，奥斯曼精英呼吁强力政府和社会军事化，认为一场大战是帝国生存下去的最后机会。同时，为了获得和平的国际环境和经济发展机会，打破孤立状态，奥斯曼积极寻求盟友。在这一背景下，奥斯曼终于在萨拉热窝事件后争取到了同德国结盟的机会（作者在这里指出了奥匈帝国的重要作用）。在结盟之后，以CUP三巨头代表的帝国精... 四星半，药丸学重要著作。作者以奥斯曼和德国档案为基础分析奥斯曼参与一战的过程。作者认为在巴尔干战争惨败后，奥斯曼精英呼吁强力政府和社会军事化，认为一场大战是帝国生存下去的最后机会。同时，为了获得和平的国际环境和经济发展机会，打破孤立状态，奥斯曼积极寻求盟友。在这一背景下，奥斯曼终于在萨拉热窝事件后争取到了同德国结盟的机会（作者在这里指出了奥匈帝国的重要作用）。在结盟之后，以CUP三巨头代表的帝国精英并不急于参战，反而是尽可能地拖延，直到被德国的外交压力和经济援助所压倒。总的来说，这本书还原了奥斯曼与德国结盟而后参加战争的过程，驳斥了传统的观点，是一部重要的作品。美中不足的是，前两章的社会背景分析和之后的外交谈判过程描述似乎有点脱节。 (展开)
0 有用 小小c 2024-01-31 19:23:22 广东
奥斯曼在一战的处境和二战时的中国有点像，作为弱国想搭强国的便车，而且情况更不妙，类似于二战一开打英日俄就组成瓜分联盟。另外不管是协约国还是同盟国，出于卸责需要难免倾向于将奥斯曼卷入一战解释为个人野心或战略误判。
0 有用 寶山寶兮 2023-08-13 13:05:25 上海
奥斯曼如何走向一战；史料翔实，对当时帝国掌舵人的新叙事很有启发