The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic

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• For the nobility began to abuse their prestige and the people their liberty. Each man was taking, seizing, and stealing for himself. And so everything was divided into two factions, and the state, which was in the middle, was torn apart. This was the beginning of civil bloodshed and of the free reign of swords in the city og Rome. From then on justice was overthrown by forcr and the strongest was preeminent. Disagreements between citizens that in an earlier time had usually been settled through mediation were now decided by the sword. Wars were not started over the issues but according to the rewards. This state of affairs were hardly surprising. For precedents are not limited to their origins. However narrow their first path, a broad road is then created with great latitude. Once the path... (查看原文)

  织田集团副会长 2014-12-23 20:04:42

• At the moment, there is a tendency to stress the normality of political life during the late republic. This seems juestified insofar as none of the main participants was proposing a different constitution, with the result that what happened was not part of a teleological process but constituted a "crisis without an alternative". Yet it was a genuine crisis whose problems should not be minimized, notably the challenges facing the poor in the city and even more importantly the agrarian issues, including the need to make provision for veterans of the army. Through its refusal to produce a solution to these problems, the senate created serious doubts about its own legitmacy as the ultimate governing body, which in turn caused the soldiers to stage repeated "marches on Rome". In this context, i... (查看原文)

  织田集团副会长 2014-12-23 20:04:42