[Amazon] E. BRUCE GOLDSTEIN is an Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Pittsburgh and Adjunct Professor of Psychology at the University of Arizona. He received the Chancellor's Distinguished Teaching Award from the University of Pittsburgh for his classroom teaching and textbook writing. He received his bachelor's degree in Chemical Engineering from T...
[Amazon] E. BRUCE GOLDSTEIN is an Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Pittsburgh and Adjunct Professor of Psychology at the University of Arizona. He received the Chancellor's Distinguished Teaching Award from the University of Pittsburgh for his classroom teaching and textbook writing. He received his bachelor's degree in Chemical Engineering from Tufts University and his Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from Brown University. He was a postdoctoral fellow in the Biology Department at Harvard University before joining the faculty at the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Goldstein has published papers on a wide variety of topics, including retinal and cortical physiology, visual attention and the perception of pictures. He is the author of SENSATION AND PERCEPTION, 10th Edition (Cengage, 2017), and the editor of the BLACKWELL HANDBOOK OF PERCEPTION (Blackwell, 2001) and the two-volume SAGE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PERCEPTION (Sage, 2010).
默认模式网络
默认模式网络（DMN）是一种结构网络，如图底部所示，当个体不执行特定任务时会被激活。 Gordon Shulman及其合作者（ Shulman et al1997）在一些MRI研究中发现：某些脑区在执行任务的时候，神经活动会受到抑制；而任务停止时，神经活动会增强。但以往的研究表明，参与任务时，脑区神经活动会得到增强；停止任务时，活动会减少。
基于以上发现， Marcus Raichle及其合作者发表了名为“大脑功能的默认模式（ A Default Mode of Brain Function”的文章提出在执行任务时，神经活动减少的脑区代表了大脑功能的一种“默认模式”。也就是说，大脑功能的某种模式是在休息时发生的。
为了更好地揭示该网络，研究者使用静息态功能连接方法发现，额叶和顶叶在执行任务时神经活动减少，且与静息态活动相关。这些脑区属于功能网络，被命名为默认模式网络DMN。
研究者对于DMN的功能进行了大量研究。其中一项结果发现，当个体走神时，DMN会被激活。你可能经历过如下场景：前一分钟你还在高速公路上开车，密切关注着你的周围；但之后，你甚至没有意识到，你的思想在游荡，想着你以后要做什么，或者如何处理一些麻烦事。这中间发生了什么？你的大脑从与驾驶相关的任务网络切换到了DMN。 (查看原文)
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还没人写过短评呢
还没人写过短评呢