莱布尼茨(Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz,1646-1716),德意志哲学家、数学家,历史上少见的通才,被誉为十七世纪的亚里士多德。他本人是一名律师,经常往返于各大城镇,他许多的公式都是在颠簸的马车上完成的,他也自称具有男爵的贵族身份。[1] 莱布尼茨在数学史和哲学史上都占有重要地位。在数学上,他和牛顿先后独立发明了微积分,而且他所使用的微积分的数学符号被更广泛的使用,莱布尼茨所发明的符号被普遍认为更综合,适用范围更加广泛。莱布尼茨还对二进制的发展做出了贡献。在哲学上,莱布尼茨的乐观主义非常著名;他认为,“我们的宇宙,在某种意义上是上帝所创造的最好的一个”。他和笛卡尔、巴鲁赫•斯宾诺莎被认为是十七世纪三位伟大的理性主义哲学家。
It is clear that Jesus Christ, completing what Moses had begun, wished that the Divinity should be the object not only of our fear and veneration but also of our love and devotion....Love is that mental state which makes us take pleasure in the perfections of the object of our love, and there is nothing more perfect than God, nor any greater delight than in him. To love him it suffices to contemplate his perfections, a thing easy indeed, because we find the ideas of these within ourselves....It follows manifestly that true piety and even true felicity consist in the love of God, but a love so enlightened that its fervour is attended by insight. This kind of love begets that pleasure in good actions which gives relief to virtue, and, relating all to God as to the centre, transports the huma... (查看原文)
【按语:《神义论(Essais de Theodicee sur la bonte de Dieu, La liberte de L’homme et L’origine du mal)》(1710)是一本极其难读的书,归因于其风格之“扯”:这部分地是所谓的巴洛克文风(充斥着偏离主题的,与情节没多大联系的离奇经历的一种小说体),部分地是Leib...
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还没人写过短评呢