作者:
Philip A. Kuhn 出版社: Harvard University Press 副标题: Militarization and Social Structure, 1796-1864 出版年: 1980-6 页数: 272 定价: USD 19.95 装帧: Paperback ISBN: 9780674749542
The book's more general finding seems still have some value: that in shaping the characteristics of militarization and conflict in recent Chinese history, social forms have taken primacy over political orientation.
This substitution indicates unmistakably a devolution of pao-chia responsibilities into the hands of those in rural society who were most capable of carrying them out: the orthodox local elite who were active in local defense.
It was the market community that enabled local society to transcend the narrow interests of village and lineage. In other cases, too, we find abundant evidence of the relevance of market structure to local militarization.
During the Chia-ch'ing reign, it was hardly a breach of the military monopoly of the state. On the contrary, 'tuan-lien' to Chia-ch'ing officials often meant precisely the opposite: a way to bring spontaneous local militarization into a comprehensive, bureaucratized control apparatus under state supervision.
Here we shall be particularly concerned with those of kinship, economics, bureaucratic divisions, and ideology that influenced in one way or another the form and function of local militarization.
Lineage organization and local defense had a complex interacting relationship: if lineage served as an organizational base for militarization, it is also true that militarization could serve to reinforce traditional bonds of kinship solidarity. e.g. lessen the economic exploitation within lineage groups and divert it to neighbor lineage groups. and common ancester, wealth
This substitution indicates unmistakably a devolution of pao-chia responsibilities into the hands of those in rural society who were most capable of carrying them out: the orthodox local elite who were active in local defense.
It was the market community that enabled local society to transcend the narrow interests of village and lineage. In other cases, too, we find abundant evidence of the relevance of market structure to local militarization.
Lineage organization and local defense had a complex interacting relationship: if lineage served as an organizational base for militarization, it is also true that militarization could serve to reinforce traditional bonds of kinship solidarity. e.g. lessen the economic exploitation within lineage groups and divert it to neighbor lineage groups. and common ancester, wealth
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孔飞力 作者
孤峰山人
中国社会科学出版社1990版
fateface
中国社会科学出版社1990版
优雅骑士
中国社会科学出版社1990版
暮山MuShan
中国社会科学出版社1990版
德先生
中国社会科学出版社1990版
绯村拔刀斋
中国社会科学出版社1990版
0 有用 蕺水 2015-08-15 13:26:23
用结构主义的分析来统摄晚清中国的社会进程。特别是讲晚清士绅如何参与地方军事化，把保甲制度作为地方军事化的基础，从而增强了自己对地方社会的控制，尤为重要，值得再读。
0 有用 purlandplain 2023-08-03 00:11:09 上海
通过帝制晚期由团练为代表的地方武装组织在白莲教和太平天国动乱中的崛起，认识这一时期士绅阶层扮演的角色，以及地方权力结构在导致中国传统社会崩溃中起到的作用。
12 有用 功夫熊猫小碗熊 2016-02-07 13:24:08
孔氏将社会科学理论视角圆滑融进历史叙事中，不掉书袋却有明确思维导向：国家社会分野+文武关系视角下中国近现代史始于社会治理模式紊乱，国家垄断暴力不再成功，社会药丸=文明药丸。士绅阶层中介缓冲对维持帝国稳定极端重要。传统以科举、宗族、官绅联系等强调官方头衔与文化资源对士绅精英地位的维持，但魏晋以来地方军事组织与动员同样依赖地方精英，官府唯极力控制。嘉庆后人口膨胀、物价飞涨、农民失地造成各地宗族摩擦和流... 孔氏将社会科学理论视角圆滑融进历史叙事中，不掉书袋却有明确思维导向：国家社会分野+文武关系视角下中国近现代史始于社会治理模式紊乱，国家垄断暴力不再成功，社会药丸=文明药丸。士绅阶层中介缓冲对维持帝国稳定极端重要。传统以科举、宗族、官绅联系等强调官方头衔与文化资源对士绅精英地位的维持，但魏晋以来地方军事组织与动员同样依赖地方精英，官府唯极力控制。嘉庆后人口膨胀、物价飞涨、农民失地造成各地宗族摩擦和流民会社教动乱增加，清廷官兵无力压制，唯有依靠基于保甲、宗族村落和官员士绅组织地方团练私人武装等。吊诡的是镇压者与叛乱者有着相同层级与控制逻辑，双方对广袤农村与人口展开激烈控制竞争。叛乱平息后农村士绅已然溢出官府控制，地方武力割据有根，农村精英民众关系、农村控制权在谁，遂成中国现代化与国家建构大难题。 (展开)
0 有用 日格洞人 2012-07-27 18:07:19
这本写得...好工整. 带过本朝的几句对比讨论其实有启发~
0 有用 dow 2015-01-17 08:47:47
A 45-years-old classic. In a sense, it challenges the official historiography in China.